LIBER XII

BOOK XII

TURNUS ut infractos adverso Marte Latinos defecisse videt, sua nunc promissa reposci, se signari oculis, ultro implacabilis ardet attollitque animos.

When Turnus sees that the Latins are broken by adverse war, that they have failed, and that his own promises are now demanded, and that he is marked out by every eye, he burns, relentlessly fiercely, and rouses his courage.

Poenorum qualis in arvis saucius ille gravi venantum vulnere pectus tum demum movet arma leo gaudetque comantis excutiens cervice toros fixumque latronis inpavidus frangit telum et fremit ore cruento: haud secus adcenso gliscit violentia Turno.

Just as a lion in the fields of Carthage, wounded in the chest by a heavy blow from hunters, only then prepares for battle, and rejoices as he shakes the thick mane on his neck, and, fearless, breaks the weapon that the hunter left fixed in him, and roars from a bloody mouth; in no other way does violence swell in the inflamed Turnus.

Tum sic adfatur regem atque ita turbidus infit: 'Nulla mora in Turno; nihil est quod dicta retractent ignavi Aeneadae, nec quae pepigere recusent.

Then he addresses the king and, deeply agitated, begins thus: "There is no delay in Turnus; there is no reason for the cowardly trojans to take back their words, nor to refuse what they have pledged.

Congredior, fer sacra, pater, et concipe foedus.

I am going out to meet him. Bring the sacred rites, father, and frame the treaty.

Aut hac Dardanium dextra sub Tartara mittam, desertorem Asiae (sedeant spectentque Latini), et solus ferro crimen commune refellam, aut habeat victos, cedat Lavinia coniunx.'

Either this right hand of mine will send the Dardanian down to Tartarus, the deserter of Asia (let the Latins sit and watch), and I alone will refute the common charge with the sword, or let him hold us as conquered, and let Lavinia yield to him as his wife."

Olli sedato respondit corde Latinus: 'O praestans animi iuvenis, quantum ipse feroci virtute exsuperas, tanto me impensius aequum est consulere atque omnis metuentem expendere casus.

To him Latinus replied with a calm heart: "O youth outstanding in spirit, the more you yourself excel in fierce courage, the more anxiously it is right for me to take counsel and carefully weigh every chance, full of fear.

Sunt tibi regna patris Dauni, sunt oppida capta multa manu, nec non aurumque animusque Latino est; sunt aliae innuptae Latio et Laurentibus arvis, nec genus indecores.

You have the kingdom of your father Daunus, you have many towns captured by your own hand, and Latinus has both gold and goodwill; there are other unmarried girls in Latium and the Laurentine fields, and of no ignoble birth.

Sine me haec haud mollia fatu sublatis aperire dolis, simul hoc animo hauri.

Allow me to speak these things, though harsh to say, with deceits put away, reveal [the truth], and at the same time drink this into your mind.

Me natam nulli veterum sociare procorum fas erat, idque omnes divique hominesque canebant.

That I should ally my daughter to none of her ancient suitors was lawful, and this both all the gods and men foretold.

Victus amore tui, cognato sanguine victus coniugis et maestae lacrumis, vincla omnia rupi: promissam eripui genero, arma impia sumpsi.

Overcome by love for you, overcome by kindred blood and by the tears of my sorrowful wife, I broke all bonds: I snatched the promised bride from my son-in-law, and took up impious arms.

Ex illo qui me casus, quae, Turne, sequantur bella, vides, quantos primus patiare labores.

Since then, Turnus, you see what disasters pursue me, Wars, you see, and how great are the hardships you must be the first to suffer.

Bis magna victi pugna vix urbe tuemur spes Italas; recalent nostro Thybrina fluenta sanguine adhuc campique ingentes ossibus albent.

Twice defeated in a great battle, we scarcely defend in our city the hopes of Italy; the streams of the Tiber are still warm with our blood, and the vast plains are white with our bones.

Quo referor totiens?

Whither am I driven back so often?

Quae mentem insania mutat?

What madness unhinges my mind?

Si Turno exstincto socios sum adscire paratus, cur non incolumi potius certamina tollo?

If, with Turnus dead, I am ready to accept them as allies, why do I not rather put an end to the strife while he is safe?

Quid consanguinei Rutuli, quid cetera dicet Italia, ad mortem si te---Fors dicta refutet!--- prodiderim, natam et conubia nostra petentem?

What will your Rutulian kinsmen say, what will the rest of Italy say, if I should betray you to death—may Fortune refute my words!— you who seek my daughter and marriage with us?

Respice res bello varias; miserere parentis longaevi, quem nunc maestum patria Ardea longe dividit.'

Regard the shifting chances of war; have pity on your aged father, whom now in his sorrow his native Ardea divides far from you.'

Haudquaquam dictis violentia Turni flectitur: exsuperat magis aegrescitque medendo.

By no means is the violence of Turnus bent by these words: it surges up more and grows sicker by the healing.

Ut primum fari potuit, sic institit ore: 'Quam pro me curam geris, hanc precor, optime, pro me deponas letumque sinas pro laude pacisci: et nos tela, pater, ferrumque haud debile dextra spargimus; et nostro sequitur de volnere sanguis. longe illi dea mater erit, quae nube fugacem feminea tegat et vanis sese occulat umbris.'

As soon as he was able to speak, he thus began with his lips: "The care you feel for me, I pray you, best of men, for my sake lay it aside, and suffer me to barter death for glory: we too, father, scatter weapons and no weak steel from our right hand, and blood flows from the wound we deal." Far from him will be his goddess mother, to hide him in a cloud as he flees protect himself with a woman's skill and hide himself in empty shadows.'

At regina, nova pugnae conterrita sorte, flebat et ardentem generum monitura tenebat: 'Turne, per has ego te lacrimas, per siquis Amatae tangit honos animum (spes tu nunc una, senectae tu requies miserae, decus imperiumque Latini te penes, in te omnis domus inclinata recumbit). unum oro: desiste manum committere Teucris.

But the queen, terrified by the new terms of the battle, was weeping, and, resolved to warn her passionate son-in-law, she held him fast: 'Turnus, by these tears, by any respect for Amata that touches your heart (you are now my only hope, the comfort of my wretched old age, the honor and authority of Latinus are in your hands, upon you alone our whole falling house rests). One thing I beg: cease to join hand in battle with the Trojans.

Qui te cumque manent isto certamine casus, et me, Turne, manent: simul haec invisa relinquam lumina nec generum Aenean captiva videbo.'

Whatever fortunes await you in that combat, await me also, Turnus: together with you I will leave this hated light, and I will never, as a captive, see Aeneas as my son-in-law.'

Accepit vocem lacrimis Lavinia matris flagrantis perfusa genas, quoi plurimus ignem subiecit rubor et calefacta per ora cucurrit.

Lavinia received her mother's words with tears, flooding her burning cheeks, for whom a deep blush kindled the fire and overspread her heated face.

Indum sanguineo veluti violaverit ostro siquis ebur, aut mixta rubent ubi lilia multa alba rosa: talis virgo dabat ore colores.

Just as if someone had stained Indian ivory with blood-red purple, or when white lilies blush, mingled with many a rose: such were the colors the maiden showed upon her face.

Illum turbat amor, figitque in virgine voltus: ardet in arma magis paucisque adfatur Amatam.

Love throws him into confusion, and he fixes his gaze upon the maiden: he burns even more for arms and speaks briefly to Amata.

'Ne, quaeso, ne me lacrimis neve omine tanto prosequere in duri certamina Martis euntem, O mater; neque enim Turno mora libera mortis.

'Do not, I pray, do not with tears nor with such an omen send me on my way as I go to the conflicts of harsh war, O mother; for Turnus has no free choice to delay his death.

Nuntius haec Idmon Phrygio mea dicta tyranno haud placitura refer: cum primum crastina caelo puniceis invecta rotis Aurora rubebit, non Teucros agat in Rutulos, Teucrum arma quiescant et Rutuli; nostro dirimamus sanguine bellum, illo quaeratur coniunx Lavinia campo.'

Idmon, as a messenger, carry these words of mine to the Phrygian tyrant— words that will not please him: as soon as tomorrow's Aurora, borne on crimson wheels, grows red in the sky, let him not lead Trojans against Rutulians; let Trojan and Rutulian arms rest; let us decide the war with our own blood, on that field let Lavinia be sought as wife.'

Haec ubi dicta dedit rapidusque in tecta recessit. poscit equos gaudetque tuens ante ora frementis, Pilumno quos ipsa decus dedit Orithyia, qui candore nives anteirent, cursibus auras.

When he gave these words, he withdrew quickly into the palace. He demands his horses and rejoices, looking upon them as they neigh before his face, which Orithyia herself gave to Pilumnus as an honor, which surpassed the snows in whiteness, the breezes in swiftness.

Circumstant properi aurigae manibusque lacessunt pectora plausa cavis et colla comantia pectunt.

The eager charioteers stand around and pat with their hands their patted hollow chests and comb their maned necks.

Ipse dehinc auro squalentem alboque orichalco circumdat loricam umeris; simul aptat habendo ensemque clipeumque et rubrae cornua cristae. ensem, quem Dauno ignipotens deus ipse parenti fecerat et Stygia candientem tinxerat unda.

Then he himself puts around his shoulders a breastplate stiff with gold and white mountain-copper; at the same time he fits for wearing both sword and shield, and the horns of his red crest. The sword, which the god powerful in fire himself had made for his father Daunus and had dipped, glowing white, in the Stygian wave.

Exin quae mediis ingenti adnixa columnae aedibus adstabat, validam vi corripit hastam, Actoris Aurunci spolium, quassatque trementem vociferans: 'Nunc, O numquam frustrata vocatus hasta meos, nunc tempus adest: te maximus Actor te Turni nunc dextra gerit.

Then, the strong spear which stood leaning against a huge column in the middle of the halls, he seizes with force, the spoil of Auruncan Actor, and shakes it as it quivers, crying out: 'Now, O spear that never failed my calls, now the time is here: you mighty Actor once wielded, you now the right hand of Turnus carries.

Da sternere corpus loricamque manu valida lacerare revulsam semiviri Phrygis et foedare in pulvere crinis vibratos calido ferro murraque madentis.'

Grant me to lay low the body and to tear open with strong hand the ripped breastplate of the effeminate Phrygian, and to defile in the dust his hair curled with hot iron and dripping with myrrh.'

His agitur furiis; totoque ardentis ab ore scintillae absistunt, oculis micat acribus ignis: mugitus veluti cum prima in proelia taurus terrificos ciet atque irasci in cornua temptat, arboris obnixus trunco, ventosque lacessit ictibus aut sparsa ad pugnam proludit harena.

By these furies he is driven; and from the whole face of the burning man sparks fly out, from his fierce eyes flashes fire: just as when a bull into his first battles raises terrifying bellowing, and tries to throw his anger into his horns, pushing against the trunk of a tree, and he challenges the winds with his blows, or practices for the fight by scattering the sand.

Nec minus interea maternis saevos in armis Aeneas acuit Martem et se suscitat ira, oblato gaudens componi foedere bellum, tum socios maestique metum solatur Iuli, fata docens, regique iubet responsa Latino certa referre viros et pacis dicere leges.

Meanwhile, no less fierce in his mother's armor, Aeneas whets his martial spirit and rouses himself with anger, rejoicing that the war was being settled by the offered treaty, then he comforts his companions and the fear of sorrowful Iulus, teaching them of destiny, and commands his men to carry back definite answers to King Latinus, and to declare the terms of peace.

Postera vix summos spargebat lumine montis orta dies, cum primum alto se gurgite tollunt solis equi lucemque elatis naribus efflant: campum ad certamen magnae sub moenibus urbis dimensi Rutulique viri Teucrique parabant in medioque focos et dis communibus aras gramineas.

Scarcely was the following daybreak sprinkling the mountaintops with light, when first the horses of the sun rise from the deep abyss and breathe forth light from their lifted nostrils; under the walls of the great city, both the Rutulian and Teucrian men were measuring out and preparing the field for combat, and in the midst, hearths and grassy altars to their common gods.

Alii fontemque ignemque ferebant, velati limo et verbena tempora vincti.

Others were bringing spring water and fire, clothed in sacrificial aprons and their temples bound with holy verbena.

Procedit legio Ausonidum, pilataque plenis agmina se fundunt portis.

The legion of the Ausonians advances, and their javelin-armed columns pour themselves out from the crowded gates.

Hinc Troius omnis Tyrrhenusque ruit variis exercitus armis, haud secus instructi ferro, quam si aspera Martis pugna vocet; nec non mediis in milibus ipsi ductores auro volitant ostroque decori, et genus Assaraci Mnestheus et fortis Asilas et Messapus equum domitor, Neptunia proles.

From this side, all the Trojan and Tyrrhenian army rushes forward in varied armor, equipped with iron no differently than if the harsh battle of Mars were calling them; and moreover, in the midst of the thousands, the leaders themselves flit about, resplendent in gold and purple, both Mnestheus, of the race of Assaracus, and brave Asilas, and Messapus, tamer of horses, offspring of Neptune.

Utque dato signo spatia in sua quisque recessit, defigunt tellure hastas et scuta reclinant.

And as soon as the signal was given, each withdrew into his own space, they plant their spears in the ground and lean their shields against them.

Tum studio effusae matres et volgus inermum invalidique senes turris ac tecta domorum obsedere, alii portis sublimibus adstant.

Then, pouring forth in their eagerness, mothers and the unarmed crowd and feeble old men besieged the towers and the roofs of the houses, while others stand by the lofty gates.

At Iuno e summo, qui nunc Albanus habetur, tum neque nomen erat nec honos aut gloria monti, prospiciens tumulo campum aspectabat et ambas Laurentum Troumque acies urbemque Latini.

But Juno, from the summit of the mountain which is now called Alban— then the mountain had neither name nor honor or glory— looking out from the hill, was gazing at the plain and both the armies of the Laurentines and Trojans, and the city of Latinus.

Extemplo Turni sic est adfata sororem diva deam, stagnis quae fluminibusque sonoris praesidet (hunc illi rex aetheris altus honorem Iuppiter erepta pro virginitate sacravit): 'Nympha, decus fluviorum, animo gratissima nostro, scis ut te cunctis unam, quaecumque Latinae magnanimi Iovis ingratum ascendere cubile, praetulerim caelique lubens in parte locarim: disce tuum, ne me incuses, Iuturna, dolorem.

Straightway she, a goddess, spoke thus to the sister of Turnus, a goddess herself, who presides over the pools and sounding rivers (this honor Jupiter, the high king of the sky, hallowed for her in return for her ravished virginity): "Nymph, glory of the rivers, most dear to my heart, you know how I have preferred you alone to all the Latin women whoever ascended the thankless bed of great-hearted Jupiter, and have gladly placed you in a part of heaven: learn your grief, Juturna, so that you do not blame me.

Qua visa est Fortuna pati Parcaeque sinebant cedere res Latio, Turnum et tua moenia texi: nunc iuvenem imparibus video concurrere fatis, Parcarumque dies et vis inimica propinquat.

Where Fortune seemed to allow and the Fates permitted matters to go well for Latium, I protected Turnus and your walls: now I see the youth rushing to clash with unequal fates, and the day of the Fates and a hostile force draw near.

Non pugnam aspicere hanc oculis, non foedera possum.

I cannot view this battle with my eyes, nor this treaty.

Tu pro germano siquid praesentius audes, perge: decet.

If you dare to do anything more daring on behalf of your brother, go on: it is proper.

Forsan miseros meliora sequentur.'

Perhaps better things will follow the wretched."

Vix ea, cum lacrimas oculis Iuturna profudit terque quaterque manu pectus percussit honestum.

Scarcely had she said these words, when Juturna poured forth tears from her eyes and three and four times struck her beautiful breast with her hand.

'Non lacrumis hoc tempus,' ait Saturnia Iuno: 'Adcetera et fratrem, siquis modus, eripe morti, aut tu bella cie conceptumque excute foedus: auctor ego audendi.'

"This is no time for tears," said Saturnian Juno: "Hasten, and snatch your brother from death, if there is any way, or stir up war and shatter the treaty they have conceived: I am the author of your daring."

Sic exhortata reliquit incertam et tristi turbatam volnere mentis.

Having thus encouraged her, she left her uncertain and troubled by the sad wound of her mind.

Interea reges, ingenti mole Latinus quadriiugo vehitur curru, cui tempora circum aurati bis sex radii fulgentia cingunt, Solis avi specimen; bigis it Turnus in albis, bina manu lato crispans hastilia ferro; hinc pater Aeneas, Romanae stirpis origo, sidereo flagrans clipeo et caelestibus armis, et iuxta Ascanius, magnae spes altera Romae, procedunt castris, puraque in veste sacerdos saetigeri fetum suis intonsamque bidentem adtulit admovitque pecus flagrantibus aris.

Meanwhile the kings proceed from the camp: Latinus, with vast pomp, is carried in a four-horse chariot, around whose temples twice six golden rays encircle, gleaming, an emblem of his grandfather the Sun; Turnus goes in a white two-horse chariot, brandishing in his hand two spears with broad iron heads; on this side father Aeneas, the origin of the Roman race, blazing with his starry shield and heavenly armor, and next to him Ascanius, the second hope of great Rome, advance from the camp; and a priest in pure vestments brought the offspring of a bristly sow and an unshorn two-year-old sheep, and moved the cattle near to the blazing altars.

Illi ad surgentem conversi lumina solem dant fruges manibus salsas et tempora ferro summa notant pecudum paterisque altaria libant.

They, turning their eyes toward the rising sun, offer the salted meal from their hands, and mark the foreheads of the victims with the iron knife, and pour libations from the bowls upon the altars.

Tum pius Aeneas stricto sic ense precatur: 'Esto nunc Sol testis et haec mihi Terra voeanti, quam propter tantos potui perferre labores, et pater omnipotens et tu Saturnia coniunx, iam melior, iam, diva, precor, tuque inclute Mavors, cuncta tuo qui bella, pater, sub numine torques; fontisque fluviosque voco, quaeque aetheris alti religio et quae caeruleo sunt numina ponto: cesserit Ausonio si fors victoria Turno, convenit Evandri victos discedere ad urbem, cedet Iulus agris, nec post arma ulla rebelles Aeneadae referent ferrove haec regna lacessent, sin nostrum adnuerit nobis Victoria Martem (ut potius reor et potius di numine firment), non ego nec Teucris Italos parere iubebo nec mihi regna peto: paribus se legibus ambae invictae gentes aeterna in foedera mittant.

Then pious Aeneas, with drawn sword, prays thus: "Be witness now, O Sun, and this Earth to my prayer, for whose sake I have been able to endure such great labors, and the almighty Father, and you, Saturnian wife, now more favorable, now, goddess, I pray, and you, renowned Mars, who turn all wars, father, under your divine power; and I call upon the fountains and the rivers, and whatever object of worship is in the high heaven, and the divine powers that are in the blue sea: if by chance victory should fall to Ausonian Turnus," it is agreed that the vanquished shall depart to the city of Evander, Iulus will withdraw from these lands, nor shall the rebellious sons of Aeneas ever bring back arms or attack this kingdom with the sword, but if Victory grants the battle to us (as I rather believe, and may the gods rather confirm it by their will), I will not bid the Italians to obey the Trojans, nor do I seek realms for myself: under equal laws let both unconquered nations unite themselves in eternal treaties.

Sacra deosque dabo; socer arma Latinus habeto, imperium sollemne socer; mihi moenia Teucri constituent, urbique dabit Lavinia nomen.'

I will give the sacred rites and the gods; let my father-in-law Latinus keep his arms, my father-in-law his solemn command; the Trojans will build walls for me, and Lavinia will give her name to the city.'

Sic prior Aeneas; sequitur sic deinde Latinus suspiciens caelum tenditque ad sidera dextram: 'Haec eadem, Aenea, terram mare sidera iuro Latonaeque genus duplex Ianumque bifrontem vimque deum infernam et duri sacraria Ditis; audiat haec genitor, qui foedera fulmine sancit.

Thus spoke Aeneas first; then Latinus follows thus, looking up to the sky and stretching his right hand to the stars: 'By these same things, Aeneas, by the earth, the sea, the stars I swear, and the twin offspring of Latona, and two-faced Janus, and the infernal power of the gods and the sanctuaries of harsh Pluto; let the Father hear this, who sanctions treaties with his thunderbolt.

Tango aras, medios ignis et numina testor: nulla dies pacem hanc Italis nec foedera rumpet, quo res cumque cadent; nec me vis ulla volentem avertet, non, si tellurem effundat in undas diluvio miscens caelumque in Tartara solvat; ut sceptrum hoc' (dextra sceptrum nam forte gerebat 'numquam fronde levi fundet virgulta nec umbras, cum semel in silvis imo de stirpe recisum matre caret posuitque comas et bracchia ferro, olim arbos, nunc artificis manus aere decoro inclusit patribusque dedit gesture Latinis.'

I touch the altars, I call to witness the fires between us and the gods: no day shall break this peace nor these treaties for the Italians, however things may fall; nor shall any force turn me from my will, no, not if it should wash the earth into the waves, mixing them in a deluge, and dissolve the sky into Tartarus; just as this scepter' (for by chance he was bearing a scepter in his right hand) 'shall never sprout shoots with light foliage, nor cast shadows, since once cut down from its lowest root in the woods it lacks a mother, and has yielded its leaves and branches to the iron, once a tree, now an artisan's hand with becoming bronze shut them in and gave this law to the Latin fathers.'

Talibus inter se firmabant foedera dictis conspectu in medio procerum.

With such words they ratified the treaties among themselves in the full view of the nobles.

Tum rite sacratas in flammam iugulant pecudes et viscera vivis eripiunt cumulantque oneratis lancibus aras.

Then, duly consecrated, they slaughter the beasts over the flames and tear out the entrails while they are alive, and they heap the altars with laden dishes.

At vero Rutulis inpar ea pugna videri iamdudum et vario misceri pectora motu; tum magis, ut propius cernunt non viribus aequis.

But indeed to the Rutulians that battle had long seemed unequal and their hearts were confounded with varied emotion; all the more now, as they see at closer range that they are not equal in strength.

Adiuvat incessu tacito progressus et aram suppliciter venerans demisso lumine Turnus tabentesque genae et iuvenali in corpore pallor.

Turnus advances with silent step and, submissively venerating the altar with downcast eyes, adds to this feeling, as do his wasted cheeks and the pallor on his youthful body.

Quem simul ac Iuturna soror crebrescere vidit sermonem et volgi variare labantia corda, in medias acies, formam adsimulata Camerti, cui genus a proavis ingens clarumque paternae nomen erat virtutis, et ipse acerrimus armis, in medias dat sese acies haud nescia rerum rumoresque serit varios ac talia fatur: 'Non pudet, O Rutuli, pro cunctis talibus unam obiectare animam?

As soon as his sister Juturna saw this talk spread and the wavering hearts of the crowd fluctuate, into the midst of the ranks, having assumed the form of Camers— whose ancestral lineage was great, and renowned was his father's his name was a synonym for courage, and he himself was most fierce in arms, into the midst of the ranks she throws herself, not ignorant of how things stand, and sows various rumors and speaks as follows: 'Is it not a shame, O Rutulians, to risk one life for all such as these? to expose one soul?

Numerone an viribus aequi non sumus?

Are we not equal in number or in strength? are we not?

En omnes et Troes et Arcades hi sunt fatalesque manus, infensa Etruria Turno: vix hostem, alterni si congrediamur, habemus.

Look, these are all of them, both Trojans and Arcadians, and the fated bands, Etruria hostile to Turnus: we scarcely have an enemy, even if every second man of us should engage.

Ille quidem ad superos, quorum se devovet aris, succedet fama vivusque per ora feretur: nos patria amissa dominis parere superbis cogemur, qui nunc lenti consedimus arvis.'

He indeed will ascend to the gods above, to whose altars he devotes himself, his fame will follow and, living, he will be carried through the mouths of men: while we, having lost our homeland, will be forced to obey proud masters, we who now sit idle in our fields.'

Talibus incensa est iuvenum sententia dictis iam magis atque magis, serpitque per agmina murmur; ipsi Laurentes mutati ipsique Latini.

By such words the resolve of the young men was inflamed now more and more, and a murmur creeps through the ranks; even the Laurentines themselves were changed, and the Latins themselves.

Qui sibi iam requiem pugnae rebusque salutem sperabant, nunc arma volunt foedusque precantur infectum et Turni sortem miserantur iniquam.

They who but now were hoping for rest from battle and safety for their state, now desire arms, pray that the treaty be broken, and pity the unjust lot of Turnus.

His aliud maius Iuturna adiungit et alto dat signum caelo, quo non praesentius ullum turbavit mentes Italas monstroque fefellit.

To this Juturna adds another greater sign, and from high heaven gives an omen, than which none more effectively disturbed the minds of the Italians and deceived them with a wonder.

Namque volans rubra fulvus Iovis ales in aethra litoreas agitabat aves turbamque sonantem agminis aligeri, subito cum lapsus ad undas cycnum excellentem pedibus rapit improbus uncis.

For flying through the ruddy sky, the tawny bird of Jove was pursuing the shore-birds and the clamorous flock of the winged army, when suddenly, gliding down to the waves, the relentless bird seizes a noble swan in its crooked talons.

Adrexere animos Itali, cunctaeque volucres convertunt clamore fugam, mirabile visu, aetheraque obscurant pennis hostemque per auras facta nube premunt, donec vi victus et ipso pondere defecit, praedamque ex unguibus ales proiecit fluvio penitusque in nubila fugit.

The Italians paid sharp attention, and all the birds turn their flight back with a clamor—wondrous to see!— and they darken the sky with their wings, and through the air, forming a cloud, they press upon their foe, until, overcome by force and by the very weight of it, he gave way, and the bird dropped the prey from his talons into the river, and fled deep into the clouds.

Tum vero augurium Rutuli clamore salutant expediuntque manus; primusque Tolumnius augur 'Hoc erat, hoc, votis,' inquit, 'quod saepe petivi.

Then indeed the Rutulians greet the omen with a shout and make ready their weapons; and first Tolumnius the augur "This was it, this," he said, "which I have often sought in my prayers.

Adcipio adgnoscoque deos; me, me duce ferrum corripite, O miseri, quos improbus advena bello territat invalidas ut aves et litora vestra vi populat: petet ille fugam penitusque profundo vela dabit.

I accept and recognize the gods; with me, with me as leader, seize the sword, O wretched men, whom a wicked stranger terrifies in war like helpless birds, and ravages your shores with violence: he will take flight and deep into the ocean give his sails.

Vos unanimi densete catervas et regem vobis pugna defendite raptum.'

You, with one mind, close up your ranks and defend your stolen king in battle."

Dixit et adversos telum contorsit in hostis procurrens: sonitum dat stridula cornus et auras certa secat.

He spoke, and running forward, hurled his spear against the opposing enemy: the whizzing cornel-wood makes a sound and cuts the air with sure aim.

Simul hoc, simul ingens clamor et omnes turbati cunei calefactaque corda tumultu.

At once this happened, at once a mighty shout arose, and all the ranks were thrown into confusion, and hearts grew hot with the tumult.

Hasta volans, ut forte novem pulcherrima fratrum corpora constiterant contra, quos fida crearat una tot Arcadio coniunx Tyrrhena Gylippo, horum unum ad medium, teritur qua sutilis alvo balteus et laterum iuncturas fibula mordet egregium forma iuvenem et fulgentibus armis transadigit costas fulvaque effundit harena.

The flying spear, just as by chance nine most beautiful bodies of brothers had stood opposite—whom a single faithful Tuscan wife had borne to Arcadian Gylippus, so many children— one of these, right in the middle where the stitched belt rubs against the belly and the buckle bites into the joints of the sides, a youth outstanding in beauty and shining armor, it pierces through his ribs and stretches him out upon the yellow sand.

At fratres, animosa phalanx accensaque luctu, pars, gladios stringunt manibus, pars missile ferrum corripiunt caecique ruunt.

But the brothers, a courageous band and inflamed by grief, some draw their swords in their hands, some seize their throwing iron and rush blindly forward.

Quos agmina contra procurrunt Laurentum, hinc densi rursus inundant Troes Agyllinique et pictis Arcades armis: sic omnis amor unus habet decernere ferro.

Against them the lines of the Laurentines charge, and from here the Trojans in dense throngs flood forth again Trojans and Agyllines and Arcadians with painted armor: thus one same passion possesses all to decide with the sword.

Diripuere aras, it toto turbida caelo tempestas telorum ac ferreus ingruit imber, craterasque focosque ferunt.

They stripped the altars, and through the whole sky went a wild storm of weapons and an iron rain poured down, and they carried away both mixing-bowls and hearth-fires.

Fugit ipse Latinus pulsatos referens infecto foedere divos.

Latinus himself fled, bringing back his outraged gods, the treaty undone.

Infrenant alii currus aut corpora saltu subiciunt in equos et strictis ensibus adsunt.

Others harnessed their chariots, or with a leap threw their bodies upon their horses, and stood ready with drawn swords.

Messapus regem regisque insigne gerentem, Tyrrhenum Aulesten, avidus confundere foedus, adverso proterret equo: ruit ille recedens et miser oppositis a tergo involvitur aris in caput inque umeros.

Messapus, eager to shatter the truce, terrified the Etruscan Aulestes, a king and wearing a king's emblem, by charging at him with his horse; he, falling back, rushed and miserably tumbled into the altars positioned behind him, onto his head and onto his shoulders.

At fervidus advolat hasta Messapus teloque orantem multa trabali desuper altus equo graviter ferit atque ita fatur: 'Hoc habet, haec melior magnis data victima divis.'

But Messapus flew forward fiercely with his spear and from high on his horse, struck him heavily from above with the beam-like weapon while he pleaded for many things, and spoke thus: "He has it! This is a better victim given to the great gods."

Concurrunt Itali spoliantque calentia membra.

The Italians ran together and stripped his warm limbs.

Obvius ambustum torrem Corynaeus ab ara corripit et venienti Ebuso plagamque ferenti occupat os flammis: olli ingens barba reluxit nidoremque ambusta dedit.

Corynaeus, meeting him, snatched a charred brand from an altar and, as Ebusus approached and aimed a blow, struck his face with the flames; his huge beard flared up and, burning, gave off a stench.

Super ipse secutus caesariem laeva turbati corripit hostis inpressoque genu nitens terrae adplicat ipsum: sic rigido latus ense ferit.

Following up himself, he grasped the hair of his bewildered enemy with his left hand and, pressing down with his knee, forced him to the ground; thus he struck his side with the rigid sword.

Podalirius Alsum pastorem primaque acie per tela ruentem, ense sequens nudo superimminet: ille securi adversi frontem mediam mentumque reducta disicit et sparso late rigat arma cruore.

Podalirius pursued Alsus a shepherd rushing through the weapons in the front rank, pursuing him with bared sword, he looms over him; the other, with an axe drawn back, splits the middle of his opponent's forehead and chin, and drenching his armor far and wide with scattered blood.

Olli dura quies oculos et ferreus urget somnus, in aeternam conduntur lumina noctem.

A harsh rest presses upon his eyes, and an iron sleep; his eyes are closed in everlasting night.

At pius Aeneas dextram tendebat inermem nudato capite atque suos clamore vocabat: 'Quo ruitis?

But pious Aeneas was stretching out his unarmed right hand, with his head bare, and was calling to his men with a shout: 'Where are you rushing?

Quaeve ista repens discordia surgit?

Or what is this sudden discord that arises?

O cohibete iras!

Oh, restrain your anger!

Ictum iam foedus et omnes compositae leges; mihi ius concurrere soli; me sinite atque auferte metus; ego foedera faxo firma manu; Turnum debent haec iam mihi sacra.'

The treaty is already struck, and all its terms are settled; I alone have the right to fight; leave me to it and banish your fears; I will make the treaty firm with my hand; these sacred rites already owe Turnus to me.'

Has inter voces, media inter talia verba ecce viro stridens alis adlapsa sagitta est incertum qua pulsa manu, quo turbine adacta, Quis tantam Rutulis laudem, casusne deusne, adtulerit: pressa est insignis gloria facti. nec sese Aeneae iactavit vulnere quisquam.

Amidst these cries, in the middle of such words, behold, a whirring arrow glided on wings toward the hero, uncertain by what hand it was shot, by what whirlwind it was driven, or who brought the Rutulians such great renown, whether chance or a god; the high glory of the deed was kept hidden, nor did anyone boast of wounding Aeneas.

Turnus ut Aenean cedentem ex agmine vidit turbatosque duces, subita spe fervidus ardet: poscit equos atque arma simul saltuque superbus emicat in currum et manibus molitur habenas.

When Turnus saw Aeneas withdrawing from the battle-line and his commanders in confusion, he burned, glowing with sudden hope; he demands horses and arms at once, and proud with a leap he springs into his chariot and manages the reins with his hands.

Multa virum volitans dat fortia corpora Leto, semineces volvit multos aut agmina curru proterit aut raptas fugientibus ingerit hastas.

Flying about, he delivers many brave bodies of men to Death, he rolls many half-dead men, or crushes ranks under his chariot he tramples them down, or hurls snatched spears at those in flight.

Qualis apud gelidi cum flumina concitus Hebri sanguineus Mavors clipeo increpat atque furentis bella movens immittit equos; illi aequore aperto ante Notos Zephyrumque volant; gemit ultima pulsu Thraca pedum; circumque atrae Formidinis ora Iraeque Insidiaeque, dei comitatus, aguntur: talis equos alacer media inter proelia Turnus fumantis sudore quatit, miserabile caesis hostibus insultans; spargit rapida ungula rores sanguineos, mixtaque cruor calcatur harena.

Just as when blood-stained Mars, aroused by the streams of icy Hebrus, clashes his shield and, stirring up war, lets loose his raging steeds; they fly over the open plain ahead of the South wind and the West wind; utmost Thrace groans with the pounding of their hooves; and around him the faces of black Terror, and Wraths, and Stratagems—the god's retinue—are driven along: so Turnus, eager, drives his horses smoking with sweat through the midst of battle, insulting his miserably slain foes; the swift hoof scatters bloody dews, and gore is trampled, mixed with the sand. And now he has given over to death Sthenelus and Thamyris and Pholus,

Iamque neci Sthenelumque dedit Thamyrumque Pholumque, hunc congressus et hunc, illum eminus; eminus ambo Imbrasidas, Glaucum atque Laden, quos Imbrasus ipse nutrierat Lycia paribusque ornaverat armis, vel conferre manum vel equo praevertere ventos.

the first two in close combat, the latter from afar; from afar both sons of Imbrasus, Glaucus and Lades, whom Imbrasus himself had reared in Lycia and adorned with equal armor, either to engage hand-to-hand or to outstrip the winds on horseback. In another part, Eumedes is carried into the midst of battle,

Parte alia media Eumedes in proelia fertur, antiqui proles bello praeclara Dolonis, nomine avum referens, animo manibusque parentem, qui quondam, castra ut Danaum speculator adiret, ausus Pelidae pretium sibi poscere currus; illum Tydides alio pro talibus ausis adfecit pretio, nec equis adspirat Achillis.

the renowned offspring of ancient Dolon in war, recalling his grandfather in name, but his parent in spirit and deed, who once, in order to approach the camp of the Danaans as a spy, dared to demand the chariot of Pelides as his reward; him the son of Tydeus rewarded with a far different price for such daring, and he no longer aspires to the horses of Achilles. When Turnus saw him from afar on the open plain,

Hunc procul ut campo Turnus prospexit aperto, ante levi iaculo longum per inane secutus sistit equos biiugis et curru desilit atque semianimi lapsoque supervenit et pede collo impresso dextrae mucronem extorquet et alto fulgentem tinguit iugulo atque haec insuper addit: 'En agros et quam bello, Troiane, petisti, Hesperiam metire iacens: haec praemia qui me ferro ausi temptare ferunt, sic moenia condunt.'

having first pursued him with a light javelin through the long void, he stops his twin-yoked horses, leaps down from his chariot, and comes upon him as he falls and gasps for breath, and placing his foot He comes upon him as he slips and gasps for life, and with his foot upon his neck pressed down, he wrenches the blade from his right hand, and deep he plunges the flashing steel into his throat, and adds these words besides: 'Behold the fields and Hesperia, Trojan, which you sought in war, measure them out as you lie there: these are the rewards that those who dare to tempt me with the sword carry away; thus they build their walls.'

Huic comitem Asbyten coniecta cuspide mittit.

To him, with a hurled spear-point, he sends Asbytes as a companion.

Chloreaque Sybarimque Daretaque Thersilochumque et sternacis equi lapsum cervice Thymoeten.

And Chloreus, and Sybaris, and Dares, and Thersilochus, and Thymoetes, fallen from the neck of his rearing horse.

Ac velut Edoni Boreae cum spiritus alto insonat Aegaeo sequiturque ad litora fluctus, qua venti incubuere, fugam dant nubila caelo: sic Turno, quacumque viam secat, agmina cedunt conversaeque ruunt acies; fert impetus ipsum, et cristam adverso curru quatit aura volantem.

And just as when the blast of the Edonian Thracian North-wind roars on the deep Aegean, and pursues the waves to the shores, wherever the winds swoop down, the clouds take flight from the sky: so before Turnus, wherever he cuts his path, the ranks give way and the battle lines turn and flee; his own momentum carries him on, and the breeze shakes his flying crest against the oncoming chariot.

Non tulit instantem Phegeus animisque frementem: obiecit sese ad currum et spumantia frenis ora citatorum dextra detorsit equorum.

Phegeus could not endure him pressing on and raging in spirit: he threw himself in front of the chariot, and with his right hand twisted away the foaming mouths of the swift horses from the bits.

Dum trahitur pendetque iugis, hunc lata retectum lancea consequitur rumpitque infixa bilicem loricam et summum degustat volnere corpus.

While he is dragged along and hangs from the yokes, the broad lance catches him, unprotected, and, striking deep, tears his two-plaited corslet, and grazes the surface of his body with a wound.

Ille tamen clipeo obiecto conversus in hostem ibat et auxilium ducto mucrone petebat: cum rota praecipitem et procursu concitus axis impulit effunditque solo, Turnusque secutus imam inter galeam summi thoracis et oras abstulit ense caput truncumque reliquit harenae.

He, however, with shield held before him, turned toward his enemy and advanced, seeking aid with drawn blade; when the wheel and the axle, driven forward in its course, struck him headlong and flung him to the ground, and Turnus, following up, between the lower edge of the helmet and the uppermost rim of the breastplate, struck off his head with the sword, and left the trunk upon the sand.

Atque ea dum campis victor dat funera Turnus, interea Aenean Mnestheus et fidus Achates Ascaniusque comes castris statuere cruentum, alternos longa nitentem cuspide gressus.

And while victorious Turnus deals these deaths across the plains, meanwhile Mnestheus and faithful Achates and his companion Ascanius, they set him down in the camp, bleeding, supporting his alternating steps with a long spear.

Saevit et infracta luctatur arundine telum eripere auxilioque viam, quae proxima, poscit ense secent lato vulnus telique latebram rescindant penitus seseque in bella remittant.

He rages, and struggles to pluck out the weapon with the broken shaft, and demands the nearest way for help, that they should cut open the wound with a broad sword, lay bare the weapon's hiding place deeply, and send him back into the war.

Iamque aderat Phoebo ante alios dilectus Iapyx Iasides, acri quondam cui captus amore ipse suas artes, sua munera, laetus Apollo augurium citharamque dabat celerisque sagittas.

And now Iapyx was present, beloved by Apollo above all others, the son of Iasus, whom Apollo himself, once seized by sharp love, joyfully offered to give him his own arts, his own gifts: prophecy, the lyre, and the swift arrows.

Ille ut depositi proferret fata parentis, scire potestates herbarum usumque medendi maluit et mutas agitare inglorius artes.

But he, in order to prolong the fate of his dying parent, chose to know the powers of herbs and the practice of healing, and to practice the silent arts without glory.

Stabat acerba fremens, ingentem nixus in hastam Aeneas magno iuvenum et maerentis Iuli concursu, lacrimis immobilis.

Aeneas stood, bitterly grieving, leaning on his massive spear, amidst a great gathering of warriors and the mourning Iulus, unmoved by their tears. Then the old man,

Ille retorto Paeonium in morem senior succinctus amictu multa manu medica Phoebique potentibus herbis nequiquam trepidat, nequiquam spicula dextra sollicitat prensatque tenaci forcipe ferrum.

girded in Paeonian fashion with his robe thrown back, makes many anxious trials with his healing hand and Apollo's potent herbs, all in vain; in vain with his right hand he tugs at the dart and grips the iron with gripping forceps.

Nulla viam Fortuna regit, nihil auctor Apollo subvenit; et saevus campis magis ac magis horror crebrescit propiusque malum est.

No Fortune guides his path, his patron Apollo brings no aid; and a fierce dread increases more and more across the plains, and the danger is closer. Now the sky with dust

Iam pulvere caelum stare vident: subeunt equites, et spicula castris densa cadunt mediis.

is hidden They see them standing: the horsemen advance, and darts fall thick upon the middle of the camp.

It tristis ad aethera clamor bellantum iuvenum et duro sub Marte cadentum.

A grim shout goes up to the heavens of young men fighting and falling under harsh Mars.

Hic Venus, indigno nati concussa dolore, dictamnum genetrix Cretaea carpit ab Ida, puberibus caulem foliis et flore comantem purpureo; non illa feris incognita capris gramina, cum tergo volucres haesere sagittae: hoc Venus, obscuro faciem circumdata nimbo, detulit; hoc fusum labris splendentibus amnem inficit occulte medicans spargitque salubris ambrosiae sucos et odoriferam panaceam.

Here Venus, shaken by her son's undeserved pain, gathers dittany from Cretan Ida with a mother's care, a stalk clothed with downy leaves and blooming with purple flowers; those herbs are not unknown to wild goats when winged arrows have stuck in their backs: this, her face shrouded in a dark mist, Venus brought down; with this she taints the water poured into the shining bowl, healing secretly, and sprinkles the healthful juices of ambrosia and fragrant panacea.

Fovit ea volnus lympha longaevus Iapyx ignorans, subitoque omnis de corpore fugit quippe dolor, omnis stetit imo volnere sanguis; iamque secuta manum nullo cogente sagitta excidit, atque novae rediere in pristina vires.

Aged Iapyx bathed the wound with that water, unknowing, and suddenly all pain fled from the body, indeed, all the blood stopped at the bottom of the wound; and now, following the hand, with no force compelling it, the arrow fell out, and his new strength returned to its former vigor.

'Arma citi properate viro!

"Quickly bring weapons for the man!

Quid statis?'

Why do you stand still?"

Iapyx conclamat primusque animos adcendit in hostem.

Iapyx cries out, and is the first to kindle their courage against the enemy.

'Non haec humanis opibus, non arte magistra proveniunt neque te, Aenea, mea dextera servat: maior agit deus atque opera ad maiora remittit.'

"Not by human aid, nor by a master's art, do these things happen, nor does my right hand save you, Aeneas: a greater god is at work and sends you back to greater deeds."

Ille avidus pugnae suras incluserat auro hinc atque hinc oditque moras hastamque coruscat.

Eager for battle, he had enclosed his legs in gold on this side and that, and he hates delays and brandishes his spear.

Postquam habilis lateri clipeus loricaque tergo est, Ascanium fusis circum complectitur armis summaque per galeam delibans oscula fatur: 'Disce, puer, virtutem ex me verumque laborem, fortunam ex aliis.

As soon as the shield is fitted to his side and the cuirass to his back, he enfolds Ascanius in an embrace, clad as he was in armor, and lightly kissing him through the helmet, he speaks: 'Learn, boy, virtue and true labor from me, fortune from others.

Nunc te mea dextera bello defensum dabit et magna inter praemia ducet.

Now my right hand will grant you defense in war and will lead you among great rewards.

Tu facito, mox cum matura adoleverit aetas, sis memor, et te animo repetentem exempla tuorum et pater Aeneas et avunculus excitet Hector.'

Take care that you, as soon as mature age has grown up, be mindful, and as you recall the examples of your kinsmen in your mind, let both your father Aeneas and your uncle Hector inspire you.'

Haec ubi dicta dedit, portis sese extulit ingens, telum immane manu quatiens; simul agmine denso Antheusque Mnestheusque ruunt omnisque relictis turba fluit castris: tum caeco pulvere campus miscetur pulsuque pedum tremit excita tellus.

When he uttered these words, he bore himself out of the gates, huge, shaking a monstrous spear in his hand; at the same time in a dense column both Antheus and Mnestheus rush forth, and the whole crowd pours out from the abandoned camp: then the plain is mingled with blind dust and the stirred earth trembles under the trampling of feet.

Vidit ab adverso venientis aggere Turnus, videre Ausonii, gelidusque per ima cucurrit ossa tremor: prima ante omnis Iuturna Latinos audiit adgnovitque sonum et tremefacta refugit.

Turnus saw them coming from the opposite rampart, the Ausonians saw them, and a cold tremor ran through the depths of their bones: Juturna, first before all the Latins, heard and recognized the sound and fled back in terror.

Ille volat campoque atrum rapit agmen aperto.

He flies and hurries his dark column across the open plain.

Qualis ubi ad terras abrupto sidere nimbus it mare per medium; miseris heu praescia longe horrescunt corda agricolis, dabit ille ruinas arboribus stragemque satis, ruet omnia late; ante volant sonitumque ferunt ad litora venti: talis in adversos ductor Rhoeteius hostis agmen agit, densi cuneis se quisque coactis adglomerant.

Just as when a storm cloud, when a constellation breaks, moves toward the land through the middle of the sea; alas, the hearts of the wretched farmers shudder with foreboding from afar; it will bring destruction to the trees and ruin to the crops, it will overturn everything far and wide; the winds fly ahead and carry the roar to the shores: just so the Rhoetean leader drives his column against the opposing foes, they mass together, each packing themselves into dense wedges They gather together.

Ferit ense gravem Thymbraeus Osirim, Archetium Mnestheus, Epulonem obtruncat Achates Ufentemque Gyas; cadit ipse Tolumnius augur, primus in adversos telum qui torserat hostis.

Thymbraeus strikes the heavy Osiris with his sword, Mnestheus cuts down Archetius, and Achates slaughters Epulo, and Gyas kills Ufens; even Tolumnius the augur falls, who had been the first to hurl his weapon against the opposing enemy.

Tollitur in caelum clamor, versique vicissim pulverulenta fuga Rutuli dant terga per agros.

A shout is raised to heaven, and the Rutulians, turned in their turn, turn their dusty backs in flight through the fields.

Ipse neque aversos dignatur sternere Morti nec pede congressos aequo nec tela ferentis insequitur: solum densa in caligine Turnum vestigat lustrans, solum in certamina poscit.

Aeneas himself does not deign to lay low those turned away in death, nor does he pursue those who meet him on equal footing, nor those brandishing weapons in pursuit: Turnus alone, in the thick dust-cloud, he tracks down, searching, and demands him alone for combat.

Hoc concussa metu mentem Iuturna virago aurigam Turni media inter lora Metiscum excutit et longe lapsum temone relinquit: ipsa subit manibusque undantis flectit habenas, cuncta gerens, vocemque et corpus et arma Metisci.

The warrior-maiden Juturna, her mind shaken by this fear, knocks Metiscus, Turnus's charioteer, from between his very reins and leaves him fallen far from the pole; she herself takes his place and guides the flowing reins with her hands, assuming everything—the voice, the body, and the armor of Metiscus.

Nigra velut magnas domini cum divitis aedes pervolat et pennis alta atria lustrat hirundo, pabula parva legens nidisque loquacibus escas, et nunc porticibus vacuis, nunc umida circum stagna sonat: similis medios Iuturna per hostis fertur equis rapidoque volans obit omnia curru iamque hic germanum iamque hic ostentat ovantem nec conferre manum patitur, volat avia longe.

Just as when a black swallow flies through the grand mansion of a wealthy master, and traverses the high halls on its wings, gathering small scraps of food and meals for her chirping nestlings, and now chirps in the empty colonnades, now around the damp pools: just so Juturna is borne by her horses through the midst of the enemy, and flying in her swift chariot, she traverses everywhere, now here, now there, she shows off her triumphant brother, nor does she allow him to join in hand-to-hand combat, flying far away off the track.

Haud minus Aeneas tortos legit obvius orbes vestigatque virum et disiecta per agmina magna voce vocat.

None the less, Aeneas tracks his winding circles to cross his path, and tracks the man down, and through the scattered ranks, with a loud voice he calls with his voice.

Quotiens oculos coniecit in hostem alipedumque fugam cursu temptavit equorum, aversos totiens currus Iuturna retorsit.

As often as he cast his eyes upon the enemy and tried to match the flight of the wing-footed horses by running, so often Juturna turned and wheeled her retreating chariot away.

Heu quid agat?

Alas, what should he do?

Vario nequiquam fluctuat aestu, diversaeque vocant animum in contraria curae.

In vain he wavers with a shifting tide of emotion, and conflicting cares call his mind in opposite directions.

Huic Messapus, uti laeva duo forte gerebat lenta levis cursu praefixa hastilia ferro, horum unum certo contorquens dirigit ictu.

At him Messapus, as he happened to be carrying in his left hand two tough spears of light wood tipped with steel, brandishing one of these, hurls it with a well-aimed stroke.

Substitit Aeneas et se collegit in arma, poplite subsidens; apicem tamen incita summum hasta tulit summasque excussit vertice cristas.

Aeneas stopped and gathered himself behind his shield, sinking down on his knee; yet the swift spear carried away the very top of his helmet's peak and struck the topmost crests from his head.

Tum vero adsurgunt irae; insidiisque subactus, diversos ubi sensit equos currumque referri, multa Iovem et laesi testatus foederis aras iam tandem invadit medios et Marte secundo terribilis saevam nullo discrimine caedem suscitat irarumque omnis effundit habenas.

Then indeed his wrath rises; and driven by treachery, when he perceived that the horses and chariot were driven away and turned back, calling much upon Jove and the altars of the broken treaty to witness, now at last he charges into their midst and, with Mars favoring him, dreadful, he rouses a fierce slaughter without distinction and throws loose all the reins of his passion.

Quis mihi nunc tot acerba deus, quis carmine caedes diversas obitumque ducum, quos aequore toto inque vicem nunc Turnus agit, nunc Troius heros, expediat?

What god can now unfold for me in song so many bitter woes, who can describe the diverse slaughters and the deaths of leaders, whom over the whole plain now Turnus drives, and now the Trojan hero, in turn, can set forth?

Tanton placuit concurrere motu.

Did it please you, Jupiter, that nations destined to be in eternal peace

Iuppiter, aeterna gentis in pace futuras?

should clash with so great a shock?

Aeneas Rutulum Sucronem, ea prima ruentis pugna loco statuit Teucros, haud multa morantem excipit in latus et, qua fata celerrima, crudum transadigit costas et cratis pectoris ensem.

Aeneas met the Rutulian Sucro—that combat first checked the rushing He stopped the Trojans in their tracks, delaying not a moment he caught him in the side and, where death comes quickest, the raw sword he drove through the ribs and the wickerwork of the chest.

Turnus equo deiectum Amycum fratremque Dioren, congressus pedes, hunc venientem cuspide longa, hunc mucrone ferit curruque abscisa duorum suspendit capita et rorantia sanguine portat.

Turnus, meeting them on foot, struck Amycus, thrown from his horse, and his brother Diores, the former as he came on with a long spear, the latter with his sword-point, and hanging the severed heads of the two from his chariot, he carried them away dripping with blood.

Ille Talon Tanaimque neci fortemque Cethegum, tris uno congressu, et maestum mittit Oniten, nomen Echionium matrisque genus Peridiae, hic fratres Lycia missos et Apollinis agris et iuvenem exosum nequiquam bella Menoeten, Arcada, piscosae cui circum flumina Lernae ars fuerat pauperque domus nec nota potentum munera conductaque pater tellure serebat.

He sent Talos and Tanais to death and brave Cethegus, three in a single clash, and gloomy Onites, a name of Echion's line and the offspring of his mother Peridia; the other slew the brothers sent from Lycia and Apollo's fields, and young Menoetes, who hated war in vain, an Arcadian, whose trade had been around the fish-filled streams of Lerna and his home was poor, nor were the duties of the powerful known to him, and his father used to sow on hired land.

Ac velut immissi diversis partibus ignes arentem in silvam et virgulta sonantia lauro, aut ubi decursu rapido de montibus altis dant sonitum spumosi amnes et in aequora currunt quisque suum populatus iter: non segnius ambo Aeneas Turnusque ruunt per proelia; nunc nunc fluctuat ira intus, rumpuntur nescia vinci pectora, nunc totis in Volnera viribus itur.

And just as fires launched from different quarters into a dry forest and thickets crackling with laurel, or when in swift descent from high mountains foaming rivers roar and rush into the plains, each devastating its own path: no less swiftly do both Aeneas and Turnus rush through the battle; now, now wrath surges within them, hearts knowing no defeat are bursting, now they advance with all their might into the wounding blows.

Murranum hic, atavos et avorum antiqua sonantem nomina per regesque actum genus omne Latinos, praecipitem scopulo atque ingentis turbine saxi excutit effunditque solo: hunc lora et iuga subter provolvere rotae, crebro super ungula pulsu incita nec domini memorum proculcat equorum.

The one, with a stone and the crash of a huge rock, struck Murranus, who was loudly boasting of his ancestors and the ancient names of his forefathers, and his whole line traced through Latin kings, headlong from a cliff and in a whirl of a mighty rock shakes him off and flings him to the ground; beneath the reins and yoke the wheels roll him forward, and above him with frequent trampling the hoof of the swift horses, unmindful of their master, tramples him down.

Ille ruenti Hyllo animisque immane frementi occurrit telumque aurata ad tempora torquet: olli per galeam fixo stetit hasta cerebro.

He meets Hyllus as he rushes on and rages fiercely in spirit and hurls a spear at his gilded temples; the spear stood fixed in his pierced brain through the helmet.

Dextera nec tua te, Graium fortissime Cretheu eripuit Turno.

Nor did your right hand, Cretheus, bravest of the Greeks, rescue you from Turnus.

Nec di texere Cupencum Aenea veniente sui: dedit obvia ferro pectora, nec misero clipei mora profuit aerei.

Nor did his gods protect Cupencus when Aeneas approached; he offered his breast to meet the sword, and the delay of the bronze shield did not profit the wretched man.

Te quoque Laurentes viderunt, Aeole, campi oppetere et late terram consternere tergo Occidis, Argivae quem non potuere phalanges sternere nec Priami regnorum eversor Achilles; hic tibi mortis erant metae: domus alta sub Ida, Lyrnesi domus alta, solo Laurente sepulchrum.

You also, Aeolus, the Laurentine plains saw perish and strew the earth far and wide with your back You fall, whom the Argive phalanxes could not lay low, nor Achilles, the destroyer of Priam's realms; here were your goals of death: a high home under Ida, a high home at Lyrnesus, a sepulcher in Laurentine soil.

Totae adeo conversae acies, omnesque Latini, omnes Dardanidae, Mnestheus acerque Serestus et Messapus equum domitor et fortis Asilas Tuscorumque phalanx Evandrique Arcades alae, pro se quisque viri summa nituntur opum vi: nec mora nec requies, vasto certamine tendunt.

Thus all the battle lines were turned, and all the Latins, all the Dardanians, Mnestheus and fierce Serestus and Messapus, tamer of horses, and brave Asilas and the phalanx of the Tuscans, and Evander's Arcadian squadrons, each man for himself, they strive with the utmost force of their power: no delay, no rest; they strain in a vast struggle.

Hic mentem Aeneae genetrix pulcherrima misit, iret ut ad muros urbique adverteret agmen ocius et subita turbaret clade Latinos.

Here his most beautiful mother inspired Aeneas with the thought that he should go to the walls and turn his army toward the city more swiftly, and confound the Latins with a sudden disaster.

Ille ut vestigans diversa per agmina Turnum huc atque huc acies circumtulit, aspicit urbem immunem tanti belli atque impune quietam.

As he, tracking Turnus through the scattered ranks, cast his eyes this way and that, he beheld the city free from so great a war and peacefully at ease.

Continuo pugnae adcendit maioris imago: Mnesthea Sergestumque vocat fortemque Serestum ductores tumulumque capit, quo cetera Teucrum concurrit legio nec scuta aut spicula densi deponunt.

Straightway the vision of a greater battle fired his soul: he called the leaders Mnestheus, Sergestus, and brave Serestus, and took to a mound, where the rest of the Teucrian legion gathered in a dense mass, nor did they lay down their shields or spears.

Celso medius stans aggere fatur: 'Nequa meis esto dictis mora; Iuppiter hac stat, neu quis ob inceptum subitum mihi segnior ito.

Standing in their midst on the high mound, he spoke: "Let there be no delay to my words; Jupiter stands on our side, nor let anyone move more slowly because of this sudden enterprise.

Urbem hodie, causam belli, regna ipsa Latini, ni frenum accipere et victi parere fatentur, eruam et aequa solo fumantia culmina ponam.

Today I will overthrow the city, the cause of the war, the very kingdom of Latinus, unless they consent to accept the yoke and submit as the vanquished, and I will lay its smoking rooftops level with the ground.

Scilicet exspectem, libeat dum proelia Turno nostra pati rursusque velit concurrere victus?

Am I indeed to wait until it pleases Turnus to endure our combat, and he, though conquered, wishes to face me again?

Hoc caput, O cives, haec belli summa nefandi: ferte faces propere foedusque reposcite flammis.'

This is the head, O citizens, this is the sum of this unspeakable war: bring torches quickly, and demand the treaty back with flames."

Dixerat, atque animis pariter certantibus omnes dant cuneum densaque ad muros mole feruntur.

He had spoken, and with minds equally striving, they all formed a wedge and rushed in a dense mass toward the walls.

Scalae improviso subitusque apparuit ignis.

Suddenly ladders and unexpected fire appeared.

Discurrunt alii ad portas primosque trucidant, ferrum alii torquent et obumbrant aethera telis.

Some rushed to the gates and cut down the first guards, others hurled missiles and darkened the sky with weapons.

Ipse inter primos dextram sub moenia tendit Aeneas magnaque incusat voce Latinum testaturque deos, iterum se ad proelia cogi, bis iam Italos hostis, haec altera foedera rumpi.

Aeneas himself, among the foremost, stretched his right hand toward the walls and upbraided Latinus with a loud voice, calling the gods to witness that he was forced into battle again, that the Italians were now twice his enemies, and that this second treaty was broken.

Exoritur trepidos inter discordia civis: urbem alii reserare iubent et pandere portas Dardanidis ipsumque trahunt in moenia regem, arma ferunt alii et pergunt defendere muros.

Discord arose among the trembling citizens: some ordered the city to be unlocked and the gates flung open for the Dardanians, and they drag the king himself into the walls, others bring arms and proceed to defend the walls.

Inclusas ut cum latebroso in pumice pastor vestigavit apes fumoque implevit amaro: illae intus trepidae rerum per cerea castra discurrunt magnisque acuunt stridoribus iras; volvitur ater odor tectis, tum murmure caeco intus saxa sonant, vacuas it fumus ad auras.

Just as when a shepherd has tracked down bees enclosed in a hidden pumice rock and filled it with bitter smoke; they, anxious for their safety within their waxen camp, dash about and sharpen their anger with loud buzzings; a black stench rolls through their dwellings, then with a hidden murmur the rocks resound within, and the smoke goes up to the empty air.

Accidit haec fessis etiam fortuna Latinis, quae totam luctu concussit funditus urbem.

This misfortune also befell the weary Latins, which shook the entire city to its depths with grief.

Regina ut tectis venientem prospicit hostem, incessi muros, ignis ad tecta volare, nusquam acies contra Rutulas, nulla agmina Turni: infelix pugnae iuvenem in certamine credit exstinctum et, subito mentem turbata dolore, se causam clamat crimenque caputque malorum, multaque per maestum demens effata furorem purpureos moritura manu discindit amictus et nodum informis leti trabe nectit ab alta.

When the queen from the roof sees the enemy advancing, the walls attacked, fires flying toward the roofs, nowhere any Rutulian lines to oppose them, no columns of Turnus: unhappy woman, she believes the young man was destroyed in the conflict of battle and, her mind suddenly distracted by sudden grief, she cries out that she is the cause, the guilty one, and the source of the evils, and having spoken many things distractedly through her sorrowful madness, resolved to die, she tears her purple garments with her hand and ties the knot of a hideous death from a high beam.

Quam cladem miserae postquam accepere Latinae, filia prima manu flavos Lavinia crinis et roseas laniata genas, tum cetera circum turba furit: resonant late plangoribus aedes.

After the wretched Latin women received this disaster, her daughter Lavinia first tore her golden hair with her hand and lacerated her rosy cheeks, then the rest of the crowd around her rages: the palace resounds far and wide with wailings.

Hinc totam infelix volgatur fama per urbem.

From here the unhappy rumor is spread through the whole city.

Demittunt mentes; it scissa veste Latinus, coniugis attonitus fatis urbisque ruina, canitiem immundo perfusam pulvere turpans.

Their spirits sink; Latinus goes with torn garment, astounded by the fate of his wife and the ruin of the city, defiling his grey hair poured over with filthy dust.

[Multaque se incusat, qui non acceperit ante Dardanium Aenean generumque adsciverit ultro.]

[And much he blames himself, that he did not receive before Dardanian Aeneas and welcome him as a son-in-law of his own accord.]

Interea extremo bellator in aequore Turnus palantis sequitur paucos iam segnior atque iam minus atque minus successu laetus equorum attulit hunc illi caecis terroribus aura commixtum clamorem adrectasque impulit aures confusae sonus urbis et inlaetabile murmur.

Meanwhile, the warrior Turnus on the edge of the plain pursues a few stragglers, now more slowly and now less and less happy with the performance of his horses. The breeze bore to him a cry mingled with blind terrors, and it struck his listening ears, the sound of a city in confusion and a joyless murmur.

'Ei mihi!

"Ah me!

Quid tanto turbantur moenia luctu?

Why are the walls disturbed by such great grief?

Quisve ruit tantus diversa clamor ab urbe?'

Or what so great a cry rushes from the distant city?"

Sic ait adductisque amens subsistit habenis.

Thus he speaks and, frantic, stands still with drawn-back reins.

Atque huic, in faciem soror ut conversa Metisci aurigae currumque et equos et lora regebat, talibus occurrit dictis: 'Hac, Turne, sequamur Troiugenas, qua prima viam victoria pandit; sunt alii, qui tecta manu defendere possint.

And to him, his sister, changed into the appearance of Metiscus the charioteer, and managing the chariot, horses, and reins, counters with such words: "This way, Turnus, let us pursue the sons of Troy, where victory first opens a way; there are others who can defend the dwellings with their hand.

Ingruit Aeneas Italis et proelia miscet: et nos saeva manu mittamus funera Teucris.

Aeneas assails the Italians and stirs up battles: let us too send fierce deaths to the Trojans with our hand.

Nec numero inferior pugnae nec honore recedes.'

Neither inferior in the count of battle nor in honor will you withdraw."

Turnus ad haec: 'O soror, et dudum adgnovi, cum prima per artem foedera turbasti teque haec in bella dedisti, et nunc nequiquam fallis dea.

Turnus replied to this: "O sister, I recognized you long ago, when first through skill you disrupted the treaty and cast yourself into this war, and now in vain you hide that you are a goddess.

Sed quis Olympo demissam tantos voluit te ferre labores?

But who willed that you from Olympus sent down should endure such great labors?

An fratris miseri letum ut crudele videres?

Was it so that you might see the cruel death of your wretched brother?"

Nam quid ago?

For what do I do now?

Aut quae iam spondet Fortuna salutem?

Or what fortune now promises safety?

Vidi oculos ante ipse meos me voce vocantem Murranum, quo non superat mihi carior alter, oppetere ingentem atque ingenti volnere victum.

I myself saw before my own eyes, calling me with his voice, Murranus, than whom no other survives more dear to me, perishing, a mighty man and conquered by a mighty wound.

Occidit infelix nostrum ne dedecus Ufens adspiceret; Teucri potiuntur corpore et armis.

The ill-fated Ufens fell so that he might not look upon our disgrace; the Trojans possess his body and his armor.

Exscindine domos (id rebus defuit unum) perpetiar, dextra nec Drancis dicta refellam?

Shall I suffer our homes to be destroyed (this one thing was lacking to our misfortunes), and shall I not refute the words of Drances with my right hand?

Terga dabo et Turnum fugientem haec terra videbit?

Shall I turn my back, and shall this land see Turnus fleeing?

Usque adeone mori miserum est?

Is it indeed so very miserable to die?

Vos O mihi Manes este boni, quoniam superis aversa voluntas!

Be good to me, O you Shades, since the goodwill of the gods above is turned away!

Sancta ad vos anima atque istius nescia culpae descendam, magnorum haud umquam indignus avorum.

A holy soul, and ignorant of that reproach, I shall descend to you, never at any time unworthy of my great ancestors.

Vix ea fatus erat: medios volat ecce per hostis vectus equo spumante Saces, adversa sagitta saucius ora, ruitque implorans nomine Turnum: 'Turne, in te suprema salus: miserere tuorum.

Scarcely had he spoken these words: behold, through the midst of the enemy flies Saces, carried on a foaming horse, wounded full in the face by an arrow, and he rushes on, imploring Turnus by name: "Turnus, in you is our last hope of safety: have pity on your people.

Fulminat Aeneas armis summasque minatur deiecturum arces Italum exscidioque daturum; iamque faces ad tecta volant.

Aeneas thunders in arms and threatens that he will cast down the highest citadels of the Italians and deliver them to destruction; and now torches are flying toward the roofs.

In te ora Latini, in te oculos referunt; mussat rex ipse Latinus, quos generos vocet aut quae sese ad foedera flectat.

Upon you the Latins turn their faces, upon you they turn their eyes; King Latinus himself hesitates, whom to call his sons-in-law or to which alliances he should turn himself.

Praeterea regina, tui fidissima, dextra occidit ipsa sua lucemque exterrita fugit.

Furthermore the queen, most faithful to you, has fallen by her own right hand She herself died by her own hand and, terrified, fled the light.

Soli pro portis Messapus et acer Atinas sustentant aciem.

Alone before the gates, Messapus and fierce Atinas sustain the battle line.

Circum hos utrimque phalanges stant densae, strictisque seges mucronibus horret ferrea: tu currum deserto in gramine versas.'

Around them on both sides the battalions stand thick, and an iron harvest bristles with drawn blades: yet you turn your chariot on the deserted grass."

Obstipuit varia confusus imagine rerum Turnus et obtutu tacito stetit.

Turnus was amazed, bewildered by the shifting image of ruin, and stood in a silent stare.

Aestuat ingens uno in corde pudor mixtoque insania luctu et furiis agitatus amor et conscia virtus.

In his single heart surges a vast shame, madness mixed with grief, love driven by fury, and conscious worth.

Ut primum discussae umbrae et lux reddita menti, ardentis oculorum orbes ad moenia torsit turbidus eque rotis magnam respexit ad urbem.

As soon as the shadows were dispersed and light returned to his mind, he turned his blazing eyes toward the walls in troubled agitation, and looked back from his chariot to the great city.

Ecce autem flammis inter tabulata volutus ad caelum undabat vortex turrimque tenebat, turrim, compactis trabibus quam eduxerat ipse subdideratque rotas pontisque instraverat altos.

But look, a rolling spire of flame among the stories was waving to the sky and holding fast a tower— a tower which he himself had built with fitted beams, placed on wheels, and equipped with high gangways.

'Iam iam fata, soror, superant; absiste morari; quo deus et quo dura vocat Fortuna, sequamur.

"Now, now the fates triumph, sister; cease to delay me; where God and cruel Fortune call, let us follow.

Stat conferre manum Aeneae, stat quidquid acerbi est morte pati; neque me indecorem, germana, videbis amplius.

I am resolved to meet Aeneas hand-to-hand, resolved to bear whatever bitterness there is in death; nor, sister, shall you see me shamed any longer.

Hunc, oro, sine me furere ante furorem.'

Allow me, I pray, to vent this madness before the end."

Dixit et e curru saltum dedit ocius arvis perque hostis, per tela ruit maestamque sororem deserit ac rapido cursu media agmina rumpit.

He spoke, and leaped quickly from his chariot onto the fields and through enemies, through weapons he rushes, and his sorrowful sister he leaves behind, and with a swift course breaks through the middle of the ranks.

Ac veluti montis saxum de vertice praeceps cum ruit avulsum vento, seu turbidus imber proluit aut annis solvit sublapsa vetustas; fertur in abruptum magno mons improbus actu exsultatque solo, silvas armenta virosque involvens secum: disiecta per agmina Turnus sic urbis ruit ad muros, ubi plurima fuso sanguine terra madet striduntque hastilibus aurae, significatque manu et magno simul incipit ore: 'Parcite iam, Rutuli, et vos tela inhibete, Latini; quaecumque est Fortuna, mea est: me verius unum pro vobis foedus luere et decernere ferro.'

And just as a rock from the peak of a mountain headlong when it rushes down, torn away by the wind, or a wild rainstorm has washed it clean, or age, slipping imperceptibly with the years, has loosened it; the ruthless crag is carried into the abyss with a mighty impulse and bounds over the ground, rolling woods, herds, and men along with it: so through the scattered ranks Turnus rushes thus to the walls of the city, where the ground is drenched deepest with poured blood, and the breezes whiz with spears, and he signals with his hand and at the same time begins with a loud voice: 'Hold now, Rutulians, and check your weapons, Latins; whatever Fortune there is, is mine: it is more just that I alone atone for the treaty on your behalf and decide it with the sword.'

Discessere omnes medii spatiumque dedere.

All those in the middle parted and gave them space.

At pater Aeneas audito nomine Turni deserit et muros et summas deserit arces praecipitatque moras omnis, opera omnia rumpit, laetitia exsultans, horrendumque intonat armis; quantus Athos aut quantus Eryx aut ipse coruscis cum fremit ilicibus quantus gaudetque nivali vertice se attollens pater Appenninus ad auras.

But father Aeneas, having heard the name of Turnus, deserts both the walls and deserts the highest citadels, and casts aside all delays, breaks off all tasks, exulting with joy, and thunders terribly with his arms; as mighty as Athos or as mighty as Eryx or as father Apenninus himself, when he roars with his shimmering holm-oaks and rejoices, lifting himself up with his snowy peak into the breezes.

Iam vero et Rutuli certatim et Troes et omnes convertere oculos Itali, quique alta tenebant moenia quique imos pulsabant ariete muros, armaque deposuere umeris.

Now indeed both the Rutulians eagerly, and the Trojans, and all the Italians turned their eyes, both those who were holding the high ramparts and those who were battering the bottom of the walls with a ram, and they took down the armor from their shoulders.

Stupet ipse Latinus ingentis, genitos diversis partibus orbis, inter se coiisse viros et cernere ferro.

Latinus himself is amazed that mighty men, born in different parts of the world, have come together and are deciding the issue with the sword.

Atque illi, ut vacuo patuerunt aequore campi, procursu rapido, coniectis eminus hastis, invadunt Martem clipeis atque aere sonoro.

And they, as soon as the fields lay open on the empty plain, with a rapid charge, having hurled their spears from afar, rush into the conflict with shields and clanging bronze.

Dat gemitum tellus; tum crebros ensibus ictus congeminant: fors et virtus miscentur in unum.

The earth gives a groan; then with their swords frequent blows they redouble: chance and valor are blended into one.

Ac velut ingenti Sila summove Taburno cum duo conversis inimica in proelia tauri frontibus incurrunt; pavidi cessere magistri, stat pecus omne metu mutum mussantque iuvencae, quis nemori imperitet, quem tota armenta sequantur; illi inter sese multa vi volnera miscent cornuaque obnixi infigunt et sanguine largo colla armosque lavant; gemitu nemus omne remugit: non alitur Tros Aeneas et Daunius heros concurrunt clipeis; ingens fragor aethera complet.

And just as on mighty Sila or on Taburnus' summit, when two bulls charge into hostile battle with turned brows; the terrified herdsmen have fallen back, the whole herd stands mute with fear, and the heifers low in doubt, as to who shall rule the forest, whom all the herds shall follow; they deal wounds to one another with great force, and thrusting against each other, drive in their horns, and with copious blood bathe their necks and shoulders; the whole forest re-echoes with their groaning: not otherwise do the Trojan Aeneas and the Daunian hero clash with their shields; the mighty crash fills the sky.

Iuppiter ipse duas aequato examine lances sustinet et fata imponit diversa duorum, quem damnet labor et quo vergat pondere letum; Emicat hic, impune putans, et corpore toto alte sublatum consurgit Turnus in ensem et ferit: exclamant Troes trepidique Latini, arrectaeque amborum acies.

Jupiter himself holds up two scales in equal balance and places in them the differing fates of the two, whom the struggle dooms and with which weight death sinks down; Here Turnus springs forward, thinking it safe, and with his whole body rises to his full height upon his uplifted sword and strikes: the Trojans and the anxious Latins cry out, and the ranks of both are on tiptoe with suspense.

At perfidus ensis Frangitur in medioque ardentem deserit ictu . . . ni fuga subsidio subeat.

But the treacherous sword [The sword] is broken, and deserts him eager for the blow in mid-stroke . . . had not flight come to his aid.

Fugit ocior euro, ut capulum ignotum dextramque aspexit inermem.

He flies swifter than the east wind, when he beheld an unknown hilt and his weaponless right hand.

Fama est praecipitem, cum prima in proelia iunctos conscendebat equos, patrio mucrone relicto, dum trepidat, ferrum aurigae rapuisse Metisci.

The story goes that in his headlong haste, when first mounting his yoked horses for battle, he left his father's sword behind, and while in his anxiety, snatched up the weapon of his charioteer Metiscus.

Idque diu, dum terga dabant palantia Teucri, suffecit: postquam arma dei ad Volcania ventumst, mortalis mucro glacies ceu futilis ictu dissiluit; fulva resplendent fragmina harena.

And this sufficed for a long time, while the straggling Trojans turned their backs, but when it came against the god-made armor of Vulcan, the mortal blade, like brittle ice, at the stroke shattered; the fragments glittered on the yellow sand.

Ergo amens diversa fuga petit aequora Turnus et nunc huc, inde huc incertos implicat orbes undique enim densa Teucri inclusere corona, atque hinc vasta palus, hinc ardua moenia cingunt.

Therefore Turnus, frantic, seeks different parts of the plain in flight, and now here, then there, weaves aimless circles; for on all sides the Trojans enclosed him in a dense ring, and here a vast marsh, there the towering walls surround him.

Nec minus Aeneas, quamquam tardata sagitta interdum genua impediunt cursumque recusant, insequitur trepidique pedem pede fervidus urget: inclusum veluti siquando flumine nanctus cervum aut puniceae saeptum formidine pinnae venator cursu canis et latratibus instat; ille autem, insidiis et ripa territus alta, mille fugit refugitque vias; at vividus Umber haeret hians, iam iamque tenet similisque tenenti increpuit malis morsuque elusus inani est.

No less does Aeneas pursue, although his knees, slowed by the arrow, sometimes hamper him and refuse to run, and glowing with zeal presses hard, foot to foot, upon his terrified foe: just as when a hunting hound, having caught a stag hemmed in by a river or fenced in by the terror of crimson feathers, presses upon him with running and barking; but the stag, terrified by the snares and the high riverbank, flees and flees back a thousand ways; yet the eager Umbrian hound clings close, panting, and now, even now, grasps at him, and as if grasping, snapped his jaws, and was baffled by a fruitless bite.

Tum vero exoritur clamor, ripaeque lacusque responsant circa et caelum tonat omne tumultu.

Then indeed a shout arises, and the banks and lakes They echo all around, and the whole sky thunders with the uproar.

Ille simul fugiens Rutulos simul increpat omnis, nomine quemque vocans, notumque efflagitat ensem.

He, fleeing, at the same time reproaches all the Rutulians, calling each by name, and demands his well-known sword.

Aeneas mortem contra praesensque minatur exitium, si quisquam adeat, terretque trementis excisurum urbem minitans et saucius instat.

Aeneas, on the other hand, threatens death and immediate destruction, if anyone should approach, and terrifies them as they tremble, threatening that he will raze the city, and, though wounded, presses on.

Quinque orbis explent cursu totidemque retexunt huc illuc; neque enim levia aut ludicra petuntur praemia, sed Turni de vita et sanguine certant.

They complete five laps in their course and unweave as many this way and that; for no light or trivial rewards are sought, but they contend for the life and blood of Turnus.

Forte sacer Fauno foliis oleaster amaris hic steterat, nautis olim venerabile lignum, servati ex undis ubi figere dona solebant Laurenti divo et votas suspendere vestes, sed stirpem Teucri nullo discrimine sacrum sustulerant, puro ut possent concurrere campo.

By chance, a wild olive tree sacred to Faunus, with bitter leaves, had stood here, a wood once revered by sailors, where, saved from the waves, they used to fix their gifts to the Laurentine god and hang up their vowed garments; but the Trojans, making no distinction, had removed the sacred stump, so that they could fight on an open field.

Hic hasta Aeneae stabat, huc impetus illam detulerat fixam et lenta in radice tenebat.

Here the spear of Aeneas was standing; hither its momentum had driven it and held it fixed in the stubborn root.

Incubuit voluitque manu convellere ferrum Dardanides teloque sequi, quem prendere cursu non poterat.

The Trojan bent over it and wished to wrench out the iron with his hand and to pursue with the weapon the man whom he could not catch by running.

Tum vero amens formidine Turnus 'Faune, precor, miserere,' inquit, 'tuque optima ferrum terra tene, colui vestros si semper honores, quos contra Aeneadae bello fecere profanos.'

Then indeed Turnus, frantic with fear, said: "Faunus, I pray, have pity," he said, "and you, most excellent earth, hold fast the steel the iron, if I have always revered your honors, which, by contrast, the sons of Aeneas have made profane by war."

Dixit opemque dei non cassa in vota vocavit.

He spoke, and invoked the aid of the god in vows that were not in vain.

Namque diu luctans lentoque in stirpe moratus viribus haud ullis valuit discludere morsus roboris Aeneas.

For a long time Aeneas struggled, and lingering over the tough root, was unable by any strength to open the grip of the hard oak.

Dum nititur acer et instat, rursus in aurigae faciem mutata Metisci procurrit fratrique ensem dea Daunia reddit.

While he strove fiercely and pressed on, changed again into the shape of the charioteer Metiscus, the Daunian goddess ran forward and restored the sword to her brother.

Quod Venus audaci nymphae indignata licere adcessit telumque alta ab radice revellit.

Venus, indignant that such license was allowed to the bold nymph, approached and tore the weapon free from the deep root.

Olli sublimes armis animisque refecti, hic gladio fidens, hic acer et arduus hasta, adsistunt contra certamina Martis anheli.

Both upright, restored in arms and courage, one trusting in his sword, the other fierce and towering with his spear, they stood opposed, breathless for the contest of Mars.

Iunonem interea rex omnipotentis Olympi adloquitur fulva pugnas de nube tuentem: 'Qua iam finis erit, coniunx?

Meanwhile the king of all-powerful Olympus spoke to Juno, as she watched the battles from a golden cloud: "What now will be the end, wife?

Quid denique restat?

What is left at last?

Indigetem Aenean scis ipsa et scire fateris deberi caelo fatisque ad sidera tolli.

You yourself know, and confess that you know, that Aeneas is due to heaven as a demigod, and is destined by the fates to be raised to the stars.

Quid struis, aut qua spe gelidis in nubibus haeres?

What are you plotting, or with what hope do you linger in the cold clouds?

Mortalin decuit violari volnere divom, aut ensem (quid enim sine te Iuturna valeret?)

Was it fit for a god to be profaned by a mortal's wound, or that the lost sword—for what could Juturna do without you?—

ereptum reddi Turno et vim crescere victis?

should be restored to Turno, and strength increase in the defeated?

Desine iam tandem precibusque inflectere nostris, [ni te tantus edit tacitam dolor et mihi curae saepe tuo dulci tristes ex ore recursent,] ventum ad supremum est.

Cease now at last, and be swayed by our entreaties, [lest such great grief consume you in silence, and sad cares frequently flood back to me from your sweet lips,] the final hour has come.

Terris agitare vel undis Troianos potuisti, infandum adcendere bellum, deformare domum et luctu miscere hymenaeos: ulterius temptare veto.'

To harass by land or waves You have had the power to harass the Trojans, to kindle monstrous war, to defile a house and blend the marriage song with grief: I forbid you to attempt anything further.'

Sic Iuppiter orsus; sic dea submisso contra Saturnia voltu: 'Ista quidem quia nota mihi tua, magne, voluntas, Iuppiter, et Turnum et terras invita reliqui; nec tu me aeria solam nunc sede videres digna indigna pati, sed flammis cincta sub ipsa starem acie traheremque inimica in proelia Teucros.

Thus Jupiter spoke; and thus the Saturnian goddess replied with downcast look: 'Indeed, because that will of yours was known to me, great Jupiter, I left both Turnus and the earth against my will; nor would you now see me alone on my airy seat enduring things worthy and unworthy, but girt in flames right by the battleline I would stand, and drag the Trojans into deadly combats.

Iuturnam misero, fateor, succurrere fratri suasi et pro vita maiora audere probavi, non ut tela tamen, non ut contenderet arcum: adiuro Stygii caput implacabile fontis, una superstitio superis quae reddita divis.

I urged Juturna, I confess, to help her wretched brother and approved that she dare greater deeds for his life, yet not that she should hurl missiles, nor bend the bow: I swear by the inexorable source of the Stygian spring, the sole object of dread that is appointed for the gods above.

Et nunc cedo equidem pugnasque exosa relinquo.

And now indeed I yield, and loathing the battles, I leave them behind.

Illud te, nulla fati quod lege tenetur, pro Latio obtestor, pro maiestate tuorum: cum iam conubis pacem felicibus, esto, component, cum iam leges et foedera iungent, ne vetus indigenas nomen mutare Latinos neu Troas fieri iubeas Teucrosque vocari aut vocem mutare viros aut vertere vestem.

This one thing, which is bound by no law of fate, I entreat of you for Latium's sake, for the majesty of your kin: when soon they establish peace with happy marriages (so be it), when soon they unite in laws and treaties, do not command the native Latins to change their ancient name, nor to become Trojans and be called Teucrians, or the men to change their speech or alter their dress.

Sit Latium, sint Albani per saecula reges, sit Romana potens Itala virtute propago: occidit, occideritque sinas cum nomine Troia.'

Let Latium endure, let there be Alban kings through the ages, let the Roman offspring be powerful through Italian valor: Troy has fallen, and let her stay fallen, along with her name.'

Olli subridens hominum rerumque repertor 'Es germana Iovis Saturnique altera proles: irarum tantos volvis sub pectore fluctus.

Smiling upon her, the creator of men and things replied: 'You are the true sister of Jupiter and the other offspring of Saturn: such vast waves of wrath you roll within your breast.

Verum age et inceptum frustra submitte furorem do quod vis, et me victusque volensque remitto.

But come, and calm this fury that was begun in vain: I grant what you wish, and, conquered yet willing, I yield myself.'

Sermonem Ausonii patrium moresque tenebunt, utque est nomen erit; commixti corpore tantum subsident Teucri.

The Ausonians shall keep their father's speech and customs, and as their name is, so it shall be; only mingled in body shall the Teucrians settle down.

Morem ritusque sacrorum adiciam faciamque omnis uno ore Latinos.

The custom and rituals of their sacred rites I will add, and I will make them all Latins with one tongue.

Hinc genus Ausonio mixtum quod sanguine surget, supra homines, supra ire deos pietate videbis, nec gens ulla tuos aeque celebrabit honores.'

From this, a race shall arise, mixed with Ausonian blood, which you will see rise above men, above gods in devotion, nor shall any nation celebrate your honors equally."

Adnuit his Iuno et mentem laetata retorsit.

Juno assented to these words and, rejoicing, changed her mind.

Interea excedit caelo nubemque relinquit.

Meanwhile, she departed from the sky and left her cloud behind.

His actis aliud genitor secum ipse volutat Iuturnamque parat fratris dimittere ab armis.

This done, the Father revolves another purpose in his mind and prepares to withdraw Juturna from her brother's arms.

Dicuntur geminae pestes cognomine Dirae, quas et Tartaream Nox intempesta Megaeram uno eodemque tulit partu paribusque revinxit serpentum spiris ventosasque addidit alas.

Two fiends are spoken of, called by the name of Dreads, whom, along with Tartarean Megaera, timeless Night bore in one and the same birth, and bound them alike with wreaths of serpents, and added wings of wind.

Hae Iovis ad solium saevique in limine regis adparent acuuntque metum mortalibus aegris, siquando letum horrificum morbosque deum rex molitur meritas aut bello territat urbes.

These attend at the throne of Jove and on the threshold of the fierce king, and they sharpen the fear of suffering mortals, whenever the king of the gods fashions horrific death and diseases, or terrifies deserving cities with war.

Harum unam celerem demisit ab aethere summo Iuppiter inque omen Iuturnae occurrere iussit.

One of these Jove sent down swift from the highest heaven, and commanded her to confront Juturna as an omen.

Illa volat celerique ad terram turbine fertur.

She flies, and is borne to the earth in a swift whirlwind.

Non secus ac nervo per nubem impulsa sagitta, armatam saevi Parthus quam felle veneni, Parthus sive Cydon, telum immedicabile, torsit, stridens et celeris incognita transilit umbras: talis se sata Nocte tulit terrasque petivit.

Just like an arrow shot from a bowstring through a cloud, which, armed with the venom of cruel poison, a Parthian has shot, A Parthian or a Cydonian has shot, an incurable dart, hissing and unseen, it leaps through the swift shadows: even so the daughter of Night sped on her way and sought the earth.

Postquam acies videt Iliacas atque agmina Turni, alitis in parvae subitam conlecta figuram, quae quondam in bustis aut culminibus desertis nocte sedens serum canit importuna per umbras, hanc versa in faciem Turni se pestis ob ora fertque refertque sonans clipeumque everberat alis.

As soon as she spies the Trojan lines and the armies of Turnus, suddenly shrinking into the shape of a small bird, which sometimes, perched on tombs or deserted rooftops in the night, sings its late, ill-omened song through the shadows, changed into this form, the fiend flies directly before Turnus' face and darts back and forth, screeching, and beats his shield with her wings.

Olli membra novus solvit formidine torpor, adrectaeque horrore comae, et vox faucibus haesit.

A strange numbness unnerved his limbs with dread, his hair stood up in terror, and his voice choked in his throat.

At procul ut Dirae stridorem adgnovit et alas, infelix crinis scindit Iuturna solutos, unguibus ora soror foedans et pectora pugnis: 'Quid nunc te tua, Turne, potest germana iuvare?

But when from afar his unhappy sister Juturna recognized the whirring wings of the Fury, she tore her loosened hair, marring her face with her nails and her breast with her fists: "How can your sister help you now, Turnus?

Aut quid iam durae superat mihi?

Or what is left now for long-suffering me?

Qua tibi lucem arte morer?

By what skill can I prolong the light of life for you?

Talin possum me opponere monstro?

Can I pit myself against such a monster?

Iam iam linquo acies.

Now, now I leave the battle-line.

Ne me terrete timentem, obscenae volucres: alarum verbera nosco letalemque sonum, nec fallunt iussa superba magnanimi Iovis.

Do not terrify me, who am already afraid, you birds of ill omen: I know the beating of your wings and their deadly sound, and the proud commands do not escape me of high-minded Jupiter.

Haec pro virginitate reponit?

Is this his reward for my lost virginity?

Quo vitam dedit aeternam?

Why did he give me eternal life?

Cur mortis ademptast condicio?

Why was the condition of death taken away On these terms?

Possem tantos finire dolores nunc certe et misero fratri comes ire per umbras!

Could I but end such deep sorrows now at least I would go through the shadows as a companion to my wretched brother!

Immortalis ego?

Am I immortal?

Aut quicquam mihi dulce meorum te sine, frater, erit?

Or will anything of mine be sweet to me without you, my brother?

O quae satis ima dehiscet terra mihi Manisque deam demittet ad imos?'

Oh, what earth will gape deep enough for me, and send a goddess down to the deepest Shades?'

Tantum effata caput glauco contexit amictu multa gemens et se fluvio dea condidit alto.

Having spoken thus, she covered her head with a gray mantle, groaning deeply, and the goddess hid herself in the deep river.

Aeneas instat contra telumque coruscat ingens arboreum et saevo sic pectore fatur: 'Quae nunc deinde mora est?

Aeneas presses on against him and brandishes his spear, huge as a tree, and thus speaks from his fierce heart: 'What delay is there now next?

Aut quid iam, Turne, retractas?

Or why now, Turnus, do you draw back?

Non cursu, saevis certandum est comminus armis.

We must contend not by running, but hand-to-hand with fierce weapons.

Verte omnis tete in facies et contrahe quidquid sive animis sive arte vales; opta ardua pennis astra sequi clausumve cava te condere terra.'

Turn yourself into every shape and collect whatever strength you have, whether in courage or in skill; choose to reach the high stars on wings, or to hide yourself enclosed in the hollow earth.'

Ille caput quassans 'Non me tua fervida terrent dicta, ferox: di me terrent et Iuppiter hostis.'

Shaking his head, he replied: 'Your fiery words do not terrify me, fierce man; the gods terrify me, and Jupiter as my enemy.'

Nec plura effatus saxum circumspicit ingens, saxum antiquum ingens, campo quod forte iacebat, limes agro positus, litem ut discerneret arvis.

Saying no more, he looked around and saw a huge stone, an ancient, huge stone, which by chance was lying on the plain, set up as a boundary stone for the land, to settle a dispute over the fields.

Vix illud lecti bis sex cervice subirent, qualia nunc hominum producit corpora tellus: ille manu raptum trepida torquebat in hostem altior insurgens et cursu concitus heros.

Scarcely could twice six chosen men support it on their shoulders, such bodies of men as the earth now produces; snatched up with a trembling hand, the hero hurled it at his enemy, rising higher and speeded up by his running.

Sed neque currentem se nec cognoscit euntem tollentemve manus saxumve immane moventem; genua labant, gelidus concrevit frigore sanguis.

But he does not know himself as he runs, nor as he goes, or as he raises his hands and moves the monstrous rock; his knees give way, his chilly blood is congealed with cold.

Tum lapis ipse viri, vacuum per inane volutus, nec spatium evasit totum neque pertulit ictum.

Then the man's rock itself, flying through the empty void, neither traversed the whole distance nor carried home its blow.

Ac velut in somnis, oculos ubi languida pressit nocte quies, nequiquam avidos extendere cursus velle videmur et in mediis conatibus aegri succidimus, non lingua valet, non corpore notae sufficiunt vires, nec vox aut verba sequuntur: sic Turno, quacumque viam virtute petivit, successum dea dira negat.

And just as in dreams, when languid sleep has weighed down our eyes at night, we seem to want to eagerly extend our race in vain, and, helpless in the midst of our efforts, we sink down; the tongue has no power, the familiar strength in our body fails, and neither voice nor words will follow: so for Turnus, with whatever courage he sought a way, the dread goddess denies him success.

Tum pectore sensus vertuntur varii.

Then varied emotions shift within his breast.

Rutulos aspectat et urbem cunctaturque metu letumque instare tremescit; nec quo se eripiat, nec qua vi tendat in hostem, nec currus usquam videt aurigamve sororem.

He gazes upon the Rutulians and the city, and falters with fear, and trembles at the approach of death; he sees no way to escape, nor with what force to charge the enemy, nor does he see his chariot anywhere, or his sister, the charioteer.

Cunctanti telum Aeneas fatale coruscat, sortitus fortunam oculis, et corpore toto eminus intorquet.

As he hesitates, Aeneas brandishes the fatal weapon, marking the favorable spot with his eyes, and with his whole body hurls it from afar.

Murali concita numquam tormento sic saxa fremunt, nec fulmine tanti dissultant crepitus.

Never do rocks shot from a siege engine roar so, nor do such loud crashes burst from a thunderbolt.

Volat atri turbinis instar exitium dirum hasta ferens orasque recludit loricae et clipei extremos septemplicis orbes.

The spear flies like a dark whirlwind, bringing dreadful destruction, and lays open the borders of his armor the lower edge of the breastplate and the outermost circles of the sevenfold shield.

Per medium stridens transit femur.

Whizzing through, it passes right through the middle of the thigh.

Incidit ictus ingens ad terram duplicato poplite Turnus.

Struck down, there fell mighty Turnus to the earth, his knee buckling under him.

Consurgunt gemitu Rutuli, totusque remugit mons circum, et vocem late nemora alta remittunt Ille humilis supplexque oculos, dextramque precantem protendens, 'Equidem merui nec deprecor,' inquit: 'utere sorte tua.

The Rutulians rise up with a groan, and the whole mountain echoes around, and the deep woods return the cry far and wide. He, lowering his eyes in supplication and stretching forth his praying right hand, said: "Indeed I have deserved it, and I do not beg for mercy; use your good fortune.

Miseri te siqua parentis tangere cura potest, oro (fuit et tibi talis Anchises genitor), Dauni miserere senectae et me seu corpus spoliatum lumine mavis redde meis.

If any care for a miserable parent can touch you, I pray (you too had such a father in Anchises), have pity on the old age of Daunus, and restore me—or if you prefer, my body despoiled of life— to my people.

Vicisti, et victum tendere palmas Ausonii videre; tua est Lavinia coniunx: ulterius ne tende odiis.'

You have conquered, and the Ausonians have seen me, vanquished, stretch out my hands; Lavinia is your wife; press your hatred no further."

Stetit acer in armis Aeneas, volvens oculos, dextramque repressit; et iam iamque magis cunctantem flectere sermo coeperat, infelix umero cum apparuit alto balteus et notis fulserunt cingula bullis Pallantis pueri, victum quem volnere Turnus straverat atque umeris inimicum insigne gerebat.

Fierce in his armor stood Aeneas, rolling his eyes, and he held back his right hand; and now more and more the speech had begun to sway him as he hesitated, when high on the shoulder appeared the ill-fated baldric, and the belt flashed with its familiar studs— the belt of young Pallas, whom Turnus had defeated and brought low with a wound, and whose hostile trophy he was now wearing on his shoulders.

Ille, oculis postquam saevi monimenta doloris exuviasque hausit, furiis accensus et ira terribilis, 'Tune hinc spoliis indute meorum eripiare mihi?

He, after he drank in with his eyes the memorials of his cruel grief and the spoils, set ablaze with fury and terrible in his anger, cried out: "Are you, clothed in the spoils of my own people, to be snatched from me here? Are you to be snatched away from me?

Pallas te hoc volnere, Pallas immolat et poenam scelerato ex sanguine sumit,' hoc dicens ferrum adverso sub pectore condit fervidus.

Pallas, with this wound, Pallas sacrifices you and takes vengeance from your guilty blood,' saying this, he buries the steel full into his breast blazing with wrath.

Ast illi solvuntur frigore membra vitaque cum gemitu fugit indignata sub umbras.

But his limbs grow slack and chill and her life, with a groan, fled resentful down to the shades.