LIBER XI

BOOK XI

OCEANUM interea surgens Aurora reliquit: Aeneas, quamquam et sociis dare tempus humandis praecipitant curae turbataque funere mens est, vota deum primo victor solvebat Eoo.

Meanwhile, Dawn rose and left the Ocean: Aeneas, although his cares also urge him to give time for burying his comrades, and his mind is troubled by the death, yet, as victor, he began to pay his vows to the gods at first light.

Ingentem quercum decisis undique ramis constituit tumulo fulgentiaque induit arma, Mezenti ducis exuvias, tibi, magne, tropaeum, bellipotens: aptat rorantis sanguine cristas telaque trunca viri et bis sex thoraca petitum perfossumque locis clipeumque ex aere sinistrae subligat atque ensem collo suspendit eburnum.

A huge oak, its branches lopped off on all sides, he set up on a mound and clothed it in gleaming armor, the spoils of the leader Mezentius, as a trophy to you, great god powerful in war: he fits the crests dripping with blood and the shattered weapons of the man, and the breastplate struck and pierced in twice six places; he binds the bronze shield to its left side and hangs the ivory-hilted sword from its neck.

Tum socios, namque omnis eum stipata tegebat turba ducum, sic incipiens hortatur ovantis: 'Maxima res effecta, viri; timor omnis abesto, quod superest: haec sunt spolia et de rege superbo primitiae, manibusque meis Mezentius hic est.

Then, as the entire crowding crowd of leaders was surrounding him, he thus began to encourage his exultant comrades: "A very great deed has been done, men; let all fear be gone for what remains: these are the spoils and first-fruits from a proud king, and by my hands here is Mezentius.

Nunc iter ad regem nobis murosque Latinos.

Now our march is to the king and the Latin walls.

Arma parate animis et spe praesumite bellum, nequa mora ignaros, ubi primum vellere signa adnuerint superi pubemque educere castris, impediat segnisve metu sententia tardet.

Prepare weapons with courage and anticipate the war with hope, lest any delay hinder us unawares, as soon as the gods above grant permission to pull up the standards and lead the youth from the camp, or a purpose sluggish with fear delay us.

Interea socios inhumataque corpora terrae mandemus, qui solus honos Acheronte sub imo est.

Meanwhile, let us commit our comrades and their unburied bodies to the earth, which is the only honor down in deepest Acheron.

Ite,' ait, 'egregias animas, quae sanguine nobis hanc patriam peperere suo, decorate supremis muneribus, maestamque Evandri primus ad urbem mittatur Pallas, quem non virtutis egentem abstulit atra dies et funere mersit acerbo.'

Go," he said, "honor with the final gifts those illustrious souls who with their own blood have won this homeland for us, and first to the sorrowing city of Evander let Pallas be sent, whom, not lacking in virtue, Let Pallas be sent, whom not lacking in valor a dark day stole away and plunged in bitter death.'

Sic ait inlacrimans recipitque ad limina gressum, corpus ubi exanimi positum Pallantis Acoetes servabat senior, qui Parrhasio Evandro armiger ante fuit, sed non felicibus aeque tum comes auspiciis caro datus ibat alumno.

Thus he speaks weeping, and retraces his steps to the threshold, where the old man Acoetes was watching the positioned body of the lifeless Pallas, who previously had been the armor-bearer to Arcadian Evander, but then, under not equally happy auspices, went as an assigned companion to his dear foster-child.

Circum omnis famulumque manus Troianaque turba et maestum Iliades crinem de more solutae.

Around stood the whole band of servants, a Trojan crowd, and the Trojan women, their hair loosened in mourning according to custom.

Ut vero Aeneas foribus sese intulit altis, ingentem gemitum tunsis ad sidera tollunt pectoribus, maestoque immugit regia luctu.

But when Aeneas brought himself within the high doorways, they raise a mighty groan to the stars, beating their breasts, and the palace bellows with sorrowful mourning.

Ipse caput nivei fultum Pallantis et ora ut vidit levique patens in pectore vulnus cuspidis Ausoniae, lacrimis ita fatur obortis.

He himself, when he saw the propped-up head and face of snow-white Pallas and the open wound on his smooth breast from the Ausonian spear, speaks thus, with tears welling up.

'Tene,' inquit, 'miserande puer, cum laeta veniret, invidit Fortuna mihi, ne regna videres nostra neque ad sedes victor veherere paternas?

'Was it you,' he said, 'pitiable boy, that Fortune begrudged me, even when she came joyful, so that you would not see our kingdom nor be carried as victor to your father's house?

Non haec Evandro de te promissa parenti discedens dederam, cum me complexus euntem mitteret in magnum imperium metuensque moneret acris esse viros, cum dura proelia gente.

These were not the promises about you I had given to your father Evander on leaving, when, embracing me as I went, he sent me forth into a mighty empire, and warned me in fear that the men were fierce, that the battles were with a hardy race.

Et nunc ille quidem spe multum captus inani fors et vota facit cumulatque altaria donis: nos iuvenem exanimum et nil iam caelestibus ullis debentem vano maesti comitamur honore.

And now he indeed, completely captivated by empty hope, perhaps even now makes vows and heaps the altars with gifts; while we, sorrowing, accompany with empty honor the lifeless youth, who now owes nothing to any of the heavenly gods.

Infelix, nati funus crudele videbis!

Unhappy man, you will see the cruel funeral of your son!

Hi nostri reditus expectatique triumphi!

Is this our return, and our expected triumphs!

Haec mea magna fides!

Is this my great pledge!

At non, Evandre, pudendis vulneribus pulsum adspicies nec sospite dirum optabis nato funus pater.

Yet, Evander, you will not look upon him defeated by shameful wounds, nor as a father will you pray for a cursed death for a son who survived in dishonor.

Ei mihi, quantum praesidium Ausonia et quantum tu perdis, Iule!'

Ah me, how great a protection Ausonia loses, and how much you lose, Iulus!'

Haec ubi deflevit, tolli miserabile corpus imperat et toto lectos ex agmine mittit mille viros, qui supremum comitentur honorem intersintque patris lacrimis, solacia luctus exigua ingentis, misero sed debita patri.

When he had wept over these things, he ordered the pitiable body to be lifted and sent a thousand men chosen from the whole army to accompany the final honor and to share in the father's tears—a small comfort for a massive grief, but one that is owed to a wretched father.

Haud segnes alii crates et molle feretrum arbuteis texunt virgis et vimine querno exstructosque toros obtentu frondis inumbrant.

Not slowly, others wove a soft bier of wickerwork with arbutus twigs and oak shoots, and shaded the built-up couch with a canopy of leaves.

Hic iuvenem agresti sublimem stramine ponunt, qualem virgineo demessum pollice florem seu mollis violae seu languentis hyacinthi, cui neque fulgor adhuc necdum sua forma recessit: non iam mater alit tellus viresque ministrat.

Here they laid the youth high on his rustic bed, like a flower plucked by a young girl's thumb, whether a soft violet or a drooping hyacinth, whose brightness has not yet faded, nor its own shape departed, but mother earth no longer feeds it or supplies it strength.

Tum geminas vestes auroque ostroque rigentis extulit Aeneas, quas illi laeta laborum ipsa suis quondam manibus Sidonia Dido fecerat et tenui telas discreverat auro.

Then Aeneas brought out two robes stiff with gold and purple, which Sidonian Dido, happy in the labor, had once made for him with her own hands, and had interwoven the warp with fine gold.

Harum unam iuveni supremum maestus honorem induit arsurasque comas obnubit amictu, multaque praeterea Laurentis praemia pugnae aggerat et longo praedam iubet ordine duci.

Grieving, he wrapped one of these around the youth as a final honor he puts it on, and veils with a garment his hair soon to burn, and besides, many rewards of the Laurentine battle he heaps up, and orders the spoil to be led in a long procession.

Addit equos et tela, quibus spoliaverat hostem.

He adds horses and weapons, of which he had despoiled the enemy.

Vinxerat et post terga manus, quos mitteret umbris inferias, caeso sparsuros sanguine flammas, indutosque iubet truncos hostilibus armis ipsos ferre duces inimicaque nomina figi.

He had also bound behind their backs the hands of those whom he would send to the shades as funeral offerings, to sprinkle the flames with slain blood, and he orders tree-trunks, dressed in enemy weapons, to be carried by the leaders themselves, and the names of the foes to be attached.

Ducitur infelix aevo confectus Acoetes: pectora nunc foedans pugnis, nunc unguibus ora sternitur et toto proiectus corpore terrae. . .

Unfortunate Acoetes, worn out by age, is led along: now bruising his chest with his fists, now scratching his face with his nails he falls, flung with his whole body upon the ground. . .

Ducunt et Rutulo perfusos sanguine currus.

They also lead chariots drenched in Rutulian blood.

Post bellator equus positis insignibus Aethon it lacrimans guttisque umectat grandibus ora.

Behind them, the warhorse Aethon, his trappings laid aside, goes weeping, and wets his face with great drops.

Hastam alii galeamque ferunt, nam cetera Turnus victor habet.

Others carry his spear and helmet, for the rest Turnus holds as victor.

Tum maesta phalanx Teucrique sequuntur Tyrrhenique omnes et versis Arcades armis.

Then the mournful phalanx follows, both Trojans and all the Etruscans, and Arcadians with weapons reversed.

Postquam omnis longe comitum praecesserat ordo, substitit Aeneas gemituque haec addidit alto: 'Nos alias hinc ad lacrimas eadem horrida belli fata vocant: salve aeternum mihi, maxime Palla, aeternumque vale.'

After the whole long line of companions had gone on ahead, Aeneas halted, and with a deep groan added these words: "The same horrific fates of war call us from here to other tears: hail forevermore, I pray, greatest Pallas, and forevermore farewell."

Nec plura effatus ad altos tendebat muros gressumque in castra ferebat.

Saying no more, toward the high walls he directed his way, and bent his steps into the camp.

Iamque oratores aderant ex urbe Latina, velati ramis oleae veniamque rogantes: corpora, per campos ferro quae fusa iacebant, redderet ac tumulo sineret succedere terrae; nullum cum victis certamen et aethere cassis; parceret hospitibus quondam socerisque vocatis.

And now envoys were present from the Latin city, veiled with olive branches and asking for indulgence: that the bodies, which lay scattered by the sword across the plains, he should return them and allow them to be placed in a burial mound; there is no quarrel with the conquered and those deprived of the upper air; he should spare those who were once hosts and called fathers-in-law.

Quos bonus Aeneas haud aspernanda precantis prosequitur venia et verbis haec insuper addit: 'Quaenam vos tanto fortuna indigna, Latini, implicuit bello, qui nos fugiatis amicos?

Good Aeneas, since they pleaded for things not to be despised, granted them his favor and added these words besides: 'What cruel fortune, Latins, has entangled you in so great a war, that you should flee from us, your friends?

Pacem me exanimis et Martis sorte peremptis oratis?

Do you beg peace of me for the dead and for those slain by the lot of war?

Equidem et vivis concedere vellem.

Indeed, I would have wished to grant it to the living too.

Nec veni, nisi fata locum sedemque dedissent, nec bellum cum gente gero: rex nostra reliquit hospitia et Turni potius se credidit armis.

I would not have come, if the fates had not assigned this place and home, nor do I wage war with your people: your king abandoned our ties of hospitality and trusted himself instead to the arms of Turnus.

Aequius huic Turnum fuerat se opponere morti.

It would have been fairer for Turnus to expose himself to this death.

Si bellum finire manu, si pellere Teucros apparat, his mecum decuit concurrere telis: vixet, cui vitam deus aut sua dextra dedisset.

If he prepares to end the war with his own hand and drive out the Trojans, it was his duty to clash with me using these weapons: he would have lived, to whom a god or his own right hand had given life.

Nunc ite et miseris supponite civibus ignem.'

Now go, and place the fire beneath your poor citizens.'

Dixerat Aeneas.

Aeneas had spoken.

Illi obstipuere silentes conversique oculos inter se atque ora tenebant.

They stood astonished in silence and, turning toward one another, kept their eyes and faces fixed.

Tum senior semperque odiis et crimine Drances infensus iuveni Turno sic ore vicissim orsa refert: 'O fama ingens, ingentior armis vir Troiane, quibus caelo te laudibus aequem?

Then the elderly Drances, who was always filled with hatred and accusations and accusations, spoke up in turn, expressing his thoughts: 'O Trojan man, great in fame, greater in arms, with what praises am I to exalt you to the heavens?

Iustitiaene prius mirer belline laborum?

Am I to marvel first at your justice or your labors in war?

Nos vero haec patriam grati referemus ad urbem et te, siqua viam dederit fortuna, Latino iungemus regi: quaerat sibi foedera Turnus.

We, for our part, will gratefully carry these words back to our native city, and, if any fortune opens a way, we will unite you with Latinus we will ally with the king; let Turnus seek alliances for himself.

Quin et fatalis murorum attollere moles saxaque subvectare umeris Troiana iuvabit.'

Indeed, it will even please us to raise the fated mass of these walls and to carry the Trojan stones upon our shoulders.'

Dixerat haec, unoque omnes eadem ore fremebant.

He had spoken these words, and all shouted assent with one voice.

Bis senos pepigere dies et pace sequestra per silvas Teucri mixtique inpune Latini erravere iugis.

They agreed upon twelve days, and under the protection of the truce, Trojans and Latins mingled without fear through the woods and roamed across the mountain ridges.

Ferro sonat alta bipenni fraxinus, evertunt actas ad sidera pinus, robora nec cuneis et olentem scindere cedrum nec plaustris cessant vectare gementibus ornos.

The tall ash echoes under the double-bitted axe, they overturn pines reaching up to the stars, and they do not cease to split the oaks with wedges and the fragrant cedar, nor to carry mountain ashes in groaning wagons.

Et iam Fama volans, tanti praenuntia luctus, Evandrum Evandrique domos et moenia replet, quae modo victorem Latio Pallanta ferebat.

And now flying Rumor, the herald of such great grief, fills Evander and the home and walls of Evander, she who just now was reporting Pallas as a victor in Latium.

Arcades ad portas ruere et de more vetusto funereas rapuere faces; lucet via longo ordine flammarum et late discriminat agros.

The Arcadians rushed to the gates and, according to ancient custom, seized funeral torches; the road gleams with a long line of flames, lighting up the fields far and wide.

Contra turba Phrygum veniens plangentia iungit agmina.

Advancing to meet them, the crowd of Trojans joins the mourning bands. troops.

Quae postquam matres succedere tectis viderunt, maestam incendunt clamoribus urbem.

After the mothers saw them approaching the dwellings, they set the sorrowful city ablaze with their cries.

At non Evandrum potis est vis ulla tenere, sed venit in medios.

But no force was able to hold back Evander, and he rushed into their midst.

Feretro Pallanta reposto procubuit super atque haeret lacrimansque gemensque, et via vix tandem vocis laxata dolore est.

Once the bier was set down, he flung himself upon Pallas, clinging to him with tears and groans, and at last, with difficulty, a path for his voice was opened by his grief.

'Non haec, O Palla, dederas promissa parenti, cautius ut saevo velles te credere Marti; haud ignarus eram, quantum nova gloria in armis et praedulce decus primo certamine posset.

"These were not the promises, O Pallas, you gave to your parent, that you would trust yourself more cautiously to savage war; I was not ignorant of how much power new glory in arms and the exceedingly sweet honor of a first battle could have.

Primitiae iuvenis miserae bellique propinqui dura rudimenta et nulli exaudita deorum vota precesque meae!

O bitter first-fruits of youth, and harsh first lessons of a neighboring war, and my vows and prayers heard by none of the gods!

Tuque, O sanctissima coniunx, felix morte tua neque in hunc servata dolorem!

And you, O most sacred wife, happy in your death and not preserved for this sorrow!

Contra ego vivendo vici mea fata, superstes restarem ut genitor.

In contrast, I by living have overcome my destiny, so that I might remain surviving as a father.

Troum socia arma secutum obruerent Rutuli telis!

Would that the Rutulians had overwhelmed me with their weapons as I followed the allied arms of the Trojans!

Animam ipse dedissem atque haec pompa domum me, non Pallanta, referret, nec vos arguerim, Teucri, nec foedera nec quas iunximus hospitio dextras: sors ista senectae debita erat nostrae.

I myself should have given my life, and this procession should be bringing me home, not Pallas, yet I would not blame you, Trojans, nor the treaties, nor the right hands which we joined in guest-friendship: that lot was due to my old age.

Quod si immatura manebat mors natum, caesis Volscorum milibus ante ducentem in Latium Teucros cecidisse iuvabit.

But if an untimely death awaited my son, it will please me that he fell leading the Trojans into Latium, with thousands of Volscians slain before him.

Quin ego non alio digner te funere, Palla, quam pius Aeneas [et quam magni Phryges et quam Tyrrhenique duces, Tyrrhenum exercitus omnis.]

Indeed, Pallas, I would deem you worthy of no other funeral than that which dutiful Aeneas, and the great Phrygians, and the Etruscan leaders, and the whole army of the Etruscans choose.]

Magna tropaea ferunt, quos dat tua dextera Leto: tu quoque nunc stares immanis truncus in armis, esset par aetas et idem si robur ab annis, Turne.

Great are the trophies they bring, those whom your right hand gives to Death; you also would now be standing, a huge trunk in armor, had your age been equal and the strength from your years the same, O Turnus.

Sed infelix Teucros quid demoror armis?

But why do I, unhappy, delay the Trojans from arms?

Vadite et haec memores regi mandata referte: quod vitam moror invisam Pallante perempto, dextera causa tua est, Turnum natoque patrique quam debere vides.

Go, and remember to bring back these mandates to your king: that I linger out a hateful life, now that Pallas is slain, your right hand is the cause, which you see owes Turnus both to son and father as a debt.

Meritis vacat hic tibi solus fortunaeque locus.

This is the only field left open to you for merits and for fortune.

Non vitae gaudia quaero, nec fas, sed nato Manis perferre sub imos.'

I do not seek the joys of life, nor is it right, but to carry them down to my son among the lowest Shades."

Aurora interea miseris mortalibus almam extulerat lucem, referens opera atque labores: iam pater Aeneas, iam curvo in litore Tarchon constituere pyras.

Meanwhile Dawn had raised her kindly light for wretched mortals, bringing back their work and labors; now father Aeneas, now Tarchon on the curving shore set up pyres.

Huc corpora quisque suorum more tulere patrum, subiectisque ignibus atris conditur in tenebras altum caligine caelum.

Hither each brought the bodies of his people after the manner of their fathers, and when the murky fires were cast beneath, the high heaven is hidden in darkness by the smoke.

Ter circum accensos cincti fulgentibus armis decurrere rogos, ter maestum funeris ignem lustravere in equis ululatusque ore dedere; spargitur et tellus lacrimis, sparguntur et arma: it caelo clamorque virum clangorque tubarum.

Thrice, girt in glittering armor, they ran around the blazing pyres; thrice on horseback they ringed the mournful funeral fire and uttered wails from their mouths; both the earth is sprinkled with tears, and the armor is sprinkled; the shout of men and the clangor of trumpets go up to heaven.

Hic alii spolia occisis derepta Latinis coniciunt igni, galeas ensesque decoros frenaque ferventisque rotas; pars munera nota, ipsorum clipeos et non felicia tela.

Here some cast into the fire spoils torn from the slaughtered Latins, helmets and beautiful swords and bridles and glowing wheels; others, familiar offerings, the shields of the dead themselves and their luckless weapons.

Multa boum circa mactantur corpora Morti, saetigerosque sues raptasque ex omnibus agris in flammam iugulant pecudes.

All around, many bodies of oxen are sacrificed to Death, and bristly swine, and flocks seized from all the fields, they slaughter into the flames. Then along the whole shore

Tum litore toto ardentis spectant socios semustaque servant busta neque avelli possunt, nox umida donec invertit caelum stellis ardentibus aptum.

they watch their burning comrades, and keep guard over the half-burnt pyres, and cannot be torn away, until dewy night turns the sky around, studded with burning stars. No less, too, the wretched Latins in a different quarter

Nec minus et miseri diversa in parte Latini innumeras struxere pyras, et corpora partim multa virum terrae infodiunt avectaque partim finitimos tollunt in agros urbique remittunt, cetera confusaeque ingentem caedis acervum nec numero nec honore cremant: tunc undique vasti certatim crebris conlucent ignibus agri.

raised innumerable pyres; and part of the many bodies of men they bury in the earth, and part they carry away and remove to the neighboring fields, or send back to the city; the rest, a huge pile of indiscriminate slaughter, they burn without number and without honor: then on all sides the vast fields eagerly gleam with frequent fires. The third dawn had removed the chill shadow from the sky:

Tertia lux gelidam caelo dimoverat umbram: maerentes altum cinerem et confusa ruebant ossa focis tepidoque onerabant aggere terrae.

mourning, they raked up the deep ash and the mingled bones from the hearths, and weighed them down with a warm mound of earth.

Iam vero in tectis, praedivitis urbe Latini, praecipuus fragor et longi pars maxima luctus.

But now in the dwellings, in the city of wealthy Latinus, was the loudest clamor, and the greatest part of their long mourning.

Hic matres miseraeque nurus, hic cara sororum pectora maerentum puerique parentibus orbi dirum exsecrantur bellum Turnique hymenaeos: ipsum armis ipsumque iubent decernere ferro, qui regnum Italiae et primos sibi poscat honores. ingravat haec saevus Drances solumque vocari testatur, solum posci in certamina Turnum.

Here mothers and wretched daughters-in-law, here the loving hearts of mourning sisters, and boys deprived of their parents, curse the terrible war and Turnus' marriage; they demand that he himself with arms, he himself with the sword, should settle the dispute, since he claims for himself the kingdom of Italy and the foremost honors. Fierce Drances aggravates this, and insists that Turnus alone is called upon, that he alone is demanded for combat.

Multa simul contra variis sententia dictis pro Turno, et magnum reginae nomen obumbrat, multa virum meritis sustentat fama tropaeis.

At the same time, many an opinion with varied arguments is spoken against it stands for Turnus, and the queen's great name protects him, while his own great fame supports the man with well-earned trophies.

Hos inter motus, medio in flagrante tumultu, ecce super maesti magna Diomedis ab urbe legati responsa ferunt: nihil omnibus actum tantorum impensis operum, nil dona neque aurum nec magnas valuisse preces, alia arma Latinis quaerenda aut pacem Troiano ab rege petendum.

Amidst these movements, in the middle of the burning tumult, look, to add to this, sorrowful envoys from the great city of Diomedes bring back his replies: that nothing was achieved by all the expenditure of such great efforts; that neither gifts nor gold nor great prayers had prevailed; that other weapons must be sought by the Latins, or peace must be begged from the Trojan king.

Deficit ingenti luctu rex ipse Latinus.

King Latinus himself faints with overwhelming grief.

Fatalem Aenean manifesto numine ferri admonet ira deum tumulique ante ora recentes.

That Aeneas is brought by fate, led by a manifest divine power, the anger of the gods warns them, as do the recent tombs before their eyes.

Ergo concilium magnum primosque suorum imperio accitos alta intra limina cogit. olli convenere fluuntque ad regia plenis tecta viis.

Therefore, he summons a great council, and the chief men of his people, called together by his command, he gathers within his high thresholds. They assembled and streamed to the royal palace through the crowded streets.

Sedet in mediis et maximus aevo et primus sceptris haud laeta fronte Latinus.

He sits in their midst, greatest in age and first in power, Latinus with a far from joyful brow.

Atque hic legatos Aetola ex urbe remissos, quae referant, fari iubet et responsa reposcit ordine cuncta suo.

And here he orders the envoys returned from the Aetolian city to tell what they bring back, and demands their answers all in due order.

Tum facta silentia linguis, et Venulus dicto parens ita farier infit:

Then silence was imposed upon their tongues, and Venulus, obeying the command, thus began to speak:

'Vidimus, o cives, Diomedem Argivaque castra atque iter emensi casus superavimus omnis contigimusque manum, qua concidit Ilia tellus.

"We have seen, O citizens, Diomedes and the Argive camp, and having measured our journey, we overcame all hazards, and we touched the hand by which the land of Ilium fell."

Ille urbem Argyripam patriae cognomine gentis victor Gargani condebat Iapygis agris.

He, as victor, was founding the city Argyripa in the lands of Iapygian Garganus, with the name of his native race.

Postquam introgressi et coram data copia fandi, munera praeferimus, nomen patriamque docemus, qui bellum intulerint, quae causa attraxerit Arpos.

After they entered and opportunity of speaking openly was granted, We proffer gifts, declare our name and homeland, who have brought war, and what cause has drawn us to Arpi.

Auditis ille haec placido sic reddidit ore: ''O fortunatae gentes, Saturnia regna, antiqui Ausonii, quae vos fortuna quietos sollicitat suadetque ignota lacessere bella?

Having heard this, he replied thus with a calm countenance: "O fortunate nations, realms of Saturn, ancient Ausonians, what fortune disturbs you in your peace and urges you to provoke unfamiliar wars?

Quicumque Iliacos ferro violavimus agros, mitto ea, quae muris bellando exhausta sub altis, quos Simois premat ille viros, infanda per orbem supplicia et scelerum poenas expendimus omnes, vel Priamo miseranda manus: scit triste Minervae sidus et Euboicae cautes ultorque Caphareus.

Whosoever of us outraged the Trojan fields with the sword, I pass over those things which were endured in war beneath those lofty walls, and the men whom that Simois overwhelms—throughout the world we have all paid unspeakable penalties and the punishment for our misdeeds, a band to be pitied even by Priam; witness the sorrowful star of Minerva, the Euboean cliffs, and vengeful Caphareus.

Militia ex illa diversum ad litus abacti Atrides Protei Menelaus adusque columnas exsulat, Aetnaeos vidit Cyclopas Ulixes.

Driven from that warfare to diverse shores, Menelaus, son of Atreus, is exiled even to the columns of Proteus, and Ulysses has seen the Etnean Cyclopes.

Regna Neoptolemi referam versosque penates Idomenei?

Shall I speak of the realms of Neoptolemus, and the overturned household gods of Idomeneus?

Libycone habitantis litore Locros?

Or of the Locrians dwelling on the Libyan shore?

Ipse Mycenaeus magnorum ductor Achivom coniugis infandae prima inter limina dextra oppetiit: devictam Asiam subsedit adulter.

The Mycenaean leader of the great Achaceans himself perished at the very threshold by the hand of his monstrous wife; the adulterer lay in wait for conquered Asia.

Invidisse deos, patriis ut redditus aris coniugium optatum et pulchram Calydona viderem?

To think that the gods grudged me that, restored to my country's altars, I should see my longed-for wife and beautiful Calydon!

Nunc etiam horribili visu portenta sequuntur, et socii amissi petierunt aethera pennis fluminibusque vagantur aves, heu dira meorum supplicia, et scopulos lacrimosis vocibus implent.

Even now portents of horrible appearance pursue me, and my lost companions have sought the skies on wings and wander as birds along the rivers—alas, the dreadful punishment of my people!—and they fill the cliffs with tearful cries.

Haec adeo ex illo mihi iam speranda fuerunt tempore, cum ferro caelestia corpora demens adpetii et Veneris violavi volnere dextram.

Indeed, these things were to be expected by me ever since that time when, madman that I was, I assailed heavenly bodies with steel and outraged the right hand of Venus with a wound.

Ne vero, ne me ad talis impellite pugnas: nec mihi cum Teucris ullum post eruta bellum Pergama, nec veterum memini laetorve malorum.

Do not, truly, do not urge me to such battles; I have no war with the Teucrians since Troy's overthrow, nor do I remember or rejoice in those old misfortunes.

Munera, quae patriis ad me portatis ab oris, vertite ad Aenean.

The gifts which you bring to me from your native shores, turn over to Aeneas.

Stetimus tela aspera contra contulimusque manus: experto credite, quantus in clipeum adsurgat, quo turbine torqueat hastam.

We have stood against his fierce weapons and engaged hand to hand: believe one who has tried it, how mightily he rises up to his shield, with what a whirlwind he hurls his spear.

Si duo praeterea talis Idaea tulisset terra viros, ultro Inachias venisset ad urbes Dardanus, et versis lugeret Graecia fatis.

If the Idaean land had borne two other such men, the Trojan would have come unprovoked to the Inachian cities, and Greece would be mourning with her fates reversed.

Quidquid apud durae cessatum est moenia Troiae, Hectoris Aeneaeque manu victoria Graium haesit et in decimum vestigia rettulit annum.

Whatever delay there was before the walls of stubborn Troy, the victory of the Greeks was held back by the hands of Hector and Aeneas and retraced its steps into the tenth year.

Ambo animis, ambo insignes praestantibus armis hic pietate prior.

Both were outstanding in courage, both in excellent arms; this man was foremost in piety.

Coeant in foedera dextrae, qua datur; ast armis concurrant arma cavete.''

Let your right hands join in treaty, in whatever way is granted; but beware that weapons do not clash with weapons."

Et responsa simul quae sint, rex optime, regis audisti et quae sit magno sententia bello.'

At once you have heard, best of kings, what the king's answers are, and what his opinion is concerning this great war."

Vix ea legati, variusque per ora cucurrit Ausonidum turbata fremor: ceu saxa morantur cum rapidos amnis, fit clauso gurgite murmur vicinaeque fremunt ripae crepitantibus undis.

Scarcely had the envoys spoken these words, when a varied murmur ran through the mouths of the troubled Ausonians: just as when rocks delay a rushing river, a roaring rises from the pent-up flood and the neighboring banks echo with the plashing waves.

Ut primum placati animi et trepida ora quierunt, praefatus divos solio rex infit ab alto: 'Ante equidem summa de re statuisse, Latini, et vellem et fuerat melius, non tempore tali cogere concilium. cum muros adsidet hostis.

As soon as their minds were calmed and their agitated voices fell silent, the king, having first prayed to the gods, began from his lofty throne: "Indeed, Latins, I both wished and it would have been better to have decided before on this matter of supreme importance, and not at such a time to assemble a council, when the enemy is encamped at our walls.

Bellum importunum, cives, cum gente deorum invictisque viris gerimus, quos nulla fatigant proelia: nec victi possunt absistere ferro.

We are waging an untoward war, citizens, with a race of gods and with unconquered men, whom no battles exhaust, nor, even when defeated, can they withdraw from the sword.

Spem siquam adscitis Aetolum habuistis in armis, ponite.

If you had any hope in the allied arms of the Aetolians, lay it down.

Spes sibi quisque, sed haec quam angusta videtis; cetera qua rerum iaceant perculsa ruina, ante oculos interque manus sunt omnia vestras.

Each man must be his own hope, but you see how narrow that hope is; as for the rest of our affairs, in what shattered ruin they lie, is all before your eyes and in your very hands.

Nec quemquam incuso: potuit quae plurima virtus esse, fuit; toto certatum est corpore regni.

Nor do I blame anyone: what the utmost courage could achieve, has been done; we have fought with the whole body of the kingdom.

Nunc adeo quae sit dubiae sententia menti expediam et paucis, animos adhibete, docebo.

Now, therefore, what the purpose of my wavering mind is I will unfold, and in few words—give me your attention—I will instruct you.

Est antiquus ager Tusco mihi proximus amni, longus in occasum, finis super usque Sicanos; Aurunci Rutulique serunt et vomere duros exercent colles atque horum asperrima pascunt.

I have an ancient tract of land bordering the Tuscan river, extending far to the west, even beyond the Sicanian borders; the Auruncans and Rutulians sow it, and till the stubborn hills with the plowshare, and pasture the roughest of them.

Haec omnis regio et celsi plaga pinea montis cedat amicitiae Teucrorum, et foederis aequas dicamus leges sociosque in regna vocemus.

All this region, and the pine-clad tract of the high mountain, Let it yield to the friendship of the Teucrians, and let us declare fair terms of a treaty, and invite them into our kingdom as allies.

Considant, si tantus amor, et moenia condant.

Let them settle, if their desire is so great, and build their walls.

Sin alios finis aliamque capessere gentem est animus possuntque solo decedere nostro: bis denas Italo texamus robore navis seu pluris complere valent, iacet omnis ad undam materies, ipsi numerumque modumque carinis praecipiant, nos aera manus navalia demus.

But if their mind is set on seeking other borders and another nation, and they are able to depart from our soil, let us build twice ten ships of Italian oak; or if they are able to fill more, all the material lies by the water; let them prescribe the number and size for the ships themselves, and let us provide the bronze, the hands, and the dockyards.

Praeterea qui dicta ferant et foedera firment centum oratores prima de gente Latinos ire placet pacisque manu praetendere ramos, munera portantis aurique eborisque talenta et sellam regni trabeamque insignia nostri.

Furthermore, to carry our words and confirm the treaty, it is our pleasure that one hundred envoys from the foremost Latin race should go, holding out branches of peace in their hands, bearing gifts, talents of gold and ivory, and the chair of state and the robe, the insignia of our royal power.

Consulite in medium et rebus succurrite fessis.'

Consult together for the common good, and aid our weary affairs.'

Tum Drances idem infensus, quem gloria Turni obliqua invidia stimulisque agitabat amaris, largus opum et lingua melior, sed frigida bello dextera, consiliis habitus non futilis auctor, seditione potens (genus huic materna superbum nobilitas dabat, incertum de patre ferebat), surgit et his onerat dictis atque aggerat iras: 'Rem nulli obscuram nostrae nec vocis egentem consulis, O bone rex: cuncti se scire fatentur, quid fortuna ferat populi, sed dicere mussant.

Then Drances, who was equally hostile, whom the glory of Turnus provoked with sidelong envy and bitter stings, lavish with wealth and better with his tongue, but a hand cold in war, held to be a counselor of no small weight, powerful in faction (his mother's noble line gave him a proud descent, while from his father he bore an uncertain one), rises, and burdens them with these words, and piles up their anger: 'You advise on a matter obscure to no one, O good king, nor needing our voice; all confess that they know what the fortune of our people brings, but they hesitate to speak.

Det libertatem fandi flatusque remittat cuius ob auspicium infaustum moresque sinistros (dicam equidem, licet arma mihi mortemque minetur) lumina tot cecidisse ducum totamque videmus consedisse urbem luctu, dum Troia temptat castra fugae fidens et caelum territat armis.

Let him grant freedom of speech and lower his pride, on account of whose ill-omened leadership and sinister conduct (I will speak indeed, though he threaten me with arms and death) we see that so many lights of leaders have fallen and that the whole city has sunk in grief, while he attacks the Trojan camp, trusting in flight, and terrifies heaven with his arms.

Unum etiam donis istis, quae plurima mitti Dardanidis dicique iubes, unum, optime regum, adicias nec te ullius violentia vincat, quin natam egregio genero dignisque hymenaeis des, pater, et pacem hanc aeterno foedere iungas.

One thing more to those gifts, which in great abundance you command to be sent to the Dardanids and to be announced, one thing, best of kings, you should add, nor let the violence of anyone conquer you, from giving your daughter to an illustrious son-in-law and worthy nuptials, give her, father, and bind this peace with an eternal treaty.

Quod si tantus habet mentes et pectora terror, ipsum obtestemur veniamque oremus ab ipso: cedat, ius proprium regi patriaeque remittat.

But if such great terror possesses our minds and hearts, let us entreat him and beg for grace from him himself: let him yield, let him restore their proper right to the king and to his fatherland.

Quid miseros totiens in aperta pericula cives proicis, O Latio caput horum et causa malorum?

Why do you cast the wretched citizens so many times into open dangers, O head and cause of these misfortunes to Latium?

Nulla salus bello: pacem te poscimus omnes, Turne, simul pacis solum inviolabile pignus.

There is no safety in war: we all demand peace from you, Turnus, and at the same time the only inviolable pledge of peace.

Primus ego, invisum quem tu tibi fingis, et esse nil moror, en supplex venio.

I first, whom you imagine to be your enemy, and I do not object to being so, behold, I come as a suppliant.

Miserere tuorum, pone animos et pulsus abi.

Have pity on your people, put aside your pride and, beaten, depart.

Sat funera fusi vidimus ingentis et desolavimus agros.

Routed, enough deaths have we seen, and we have laid waste vast lands.

Aut si fama movet, si tantum pectore robur concipis et si adeo dotalis regia cordi est, aude atque adversum fidens fer pectus in hostem.

Or if glory moves you, if you conceive such strength in your heart, and if a royal dowry is so close to your heart, dare and bring a trusting breast face-to-face against the enemy.

Scilicet ut Turno contingat regia coniunx, nos animae viles, inhumata infletaque turba, sternamur campis.

Doubtless so that a royal bride may fall to Turnus, we, cheap souls, a crowd unburied and unwept, are to be stretched out on the plains.

Etiam tu, siqua tibi vis, si patrii quid Martis habes, illum aspice contra, qui vocat.'

You too, if you have any strength, if you have anything of your fathers' martial spirit, look him in the face, he who calls.'

Talibus exarsit dictis violentia Turni; dat gemitum rumpitque has imo pectore voces 'Larga quidem, Drance, semper tibi copia fandi tum, cum bella manus poscunt, patribusque vocatis primus ades.

At such words the violence of Turnus blazed forth; he gives a groan and breaks out with these words from the depths of his chest: 'Abundant indeed, Drances, is always your supply of speech at that time when wars demand hands, and when the fathers are summoned you are the first to be present.

Sed non replenda est curia verbis, quae tuto tibi magna volant, dum distinet hostem agger murorum nec inundant sanguine fossae.

But the senate house must not be filled with words, which fly from you big and safe, while the rampart of the walls keeps off the enemy and the ditches do not overflow with blood.

Proinde tona eloquio, solitum tibi, meque timoris argue tu, Drance, quando tot stragis acervos Teucrorum tua dextra dedit passimque tropaeis insignis agros.

Therefore thunder with your eloquence, as is your custom, and charge me with fear, you, Drances, since your right hand has caused so many heaps of slaughter of the Trojans, and everywhere with trophies you mark the fields.

Possit quid vivida virtus, experiare licet; nec longe scilicet hostes quaerendi nobis: circumstant undique muros.

What lively courage can achieve, you may find out; and indeed the enemies are not far for us to seek: they surround the walls on all sides.

Imus in adversos: quid cessas?

We go against our foes: why do you hesitate?

An tibi Mavors ventosa in lingua pedibusque fugacibus istis semper erit?

Will your Mars always remain in your windy tongue and in those fleeting feet of yours? will it always be?

Pulsus ego?

I defeated?

Aut quisquam merito, foedissime, pulsum arguet, Iliaco tumidum qui crescere Thybrim sanguine et Evandri totam cum stirpe videbit procubuisse domum atque exutos Arcadas armis?

Or will anyone justly argue, most foul creature, that I was driven back, he who shall see the Tiber swelling, grown big with Ilian blood, and Evander's whole house, together with his race, fallen low, and the Arcadians stripped of their arms?

Haud ita me experti Bitias et Pandarus ingens et quos mille die victor sub Tartara misi, inclusus muris hostilique aggere saeptus.

Not such did Bitias and huge Pandarus find me, and those thousands whom in a single day I sent victorious beneath Tartarus, though shut within walls and hemmed in by the enemy's rampart.

''Nulla salus bello.''

"There is no safety in war."

Capiti cane talia, demens, Dardanio rebusque tuis.

Sing such things, madman, to the Dardanian head and to your own fortunes.

Proinde omnia magno ne cessa turbare metu atque extollere vires gentis bis victae, contra premere arma Latini.

Therefore, do not cease to throw everything into confusion with great fear, and to extol the might of a race twice conquered, while on the other hand crushing the arms of Latinus.

Nunc et Myrmidonum proceres Phrygia arma tremescunt, nunc et Tydides et Larissaeus Achilles, amnis et Hadriacas retro fugit Aufidus undas.

Now even the chiefs of the Myrmidons tremble at Phrygian arms, now too Diomedes and Larisaean Achilles, and the river Aufidus flees backward from the Adriatic waves.

Vel cum se pavidum contra mea iurgia fingit artificis scelus et formidine crimen acerbat.

Or when, with a trickster's malice, he feigns himself afraid of my reproaches, and sharpens his charge by pretending terror.

Numquam animam talem dextra hac, absiste moveri, amittes: habitet tecum et sit pectore in isto.

Never shall you lose such a life by this right hand of mine—cease to be troubled— let it dwell with you, and remain in that breast of yours.

Nunc ad te et tua magna, pater, consulta revertor.

Now I return to you, father, and to your weighty counsels.

Si nullam nostris ultra spem ponis in armis, si tam deserti sumus et semel agmine verso funditus occidimus neque habet Fortuna regressum?

If you place no further hope in our arms, if we are so utterly abandoned, and if, our line once turned, we are completely ruined and Fortune has no backward step,

oremus pacem et dextras tendamus inertis.

let us pray for peace, and stretch forth helpless hands.

Quamquam O, si solitae quicquam virtutis adesset!

And yet oh, if only some of our accustomed valor were present!

Ille mihi ante alios fortunatusque laborum egregiusque animi, qui, nequid tale videret, procubuit moriens et humum semel ore momordit.

He seems to me fortunate beyond all others in his labors and noble in spirit, who, lest he should see such a sight, fell dying and bit the ground once and for all with his mouth.

Sin et opes nobis et adhuc intacta iuventus auxilioque urbes Italae populique supersunt, sin et Troianis cum multo gloria venit sanguine, sunt illis sua funera parque per omnis tempestas: cur indecores in limine primo deficimus?

But if we still have wealth and a youth yet untouched, and Italian cities and peoples remain for our aid, and if glory came to the Trojans too with much bloodshed, they have their own dead, and the storm is equal through all the host: why do we faint ingloriously on the very threshold and fail?

Cur ante tubam tremor occupat artus?

Why does a trembling seize our limbs even before the trumpet sounds?

Multa dies variisque labor mutabilis aevi rettulit in melius, multos alterna revisens lusit et in solido rursus Fortuna locavit.

Many things have time and the shifting toil of a changing age brought back to a better state; Fortune, returning in alternation, has mocked many and placed them once more upon solid ground.

Non erit auxilio nobis Aetolus et Arpi: at Messapus erit felixque Tolumnius et quos tot populi misere duces, nec parva sequetur gloria delectos Latio et Laurentibus agris.

The Aetolian and Arpi will not be of help to us; but Messapus will be, and fortunate Tolumnius, and the leaders whom so many nations have sent, nor will small glory follow those chosen from Latium and the Laurentine fields.

Est et Volscorum egregia de gente Camilla, agmen agens equitum et florentis aere catervas.

There is also Camilla, from the noble race of the Volscians, leading a troop of cavalry and squadrons gleaming with bronze.

Quod si me solum Teucri in certamina poscunt idque placet tantumque bonis communibus obsto, non adeo has exosa manus Victoria fugit, ut tanta quicquam pro spe temptare recusem.

But if the Trojans demand me alone for combat and that is your pleasure, and I obstruct the common good so much, Victory has not fled from these hands with such hatred that I should refuse to venture anything for so great a hope.

Ibo animis contra, vel magnum praestet Achillem factaque Vulcani manibus paria induat arma ille licet.

I will go against him with courage, even though he surpass great Achilles and put on equal armor made by the hands of Vulcan Let him.

Vobis animam hanc soceroque Latino Turnus ego, haud ulli veterum virtute secundus, devovi.

To you and to my father-in-law Latinus, this life I, Turnus, second in valor to none of the ancients, have devoted.

''Solum Aeneas vocat'': et vocet oro, nec Drances potius, sive est haec ira deorum, morte luat, sive est virtus et gloria, tollat.'

''Aeneas challenges me alone': and I pray that he does call, and let not Drances rather, whether this be the wrath of the gods, pay the penalty with death, or if it be valor and glory, win the prize.'

Illi haec inter se dubiis de rebus agebant certantes; castra Aeneas aciemque movebat: nuntius ingenti per regia tecta tumultu ecce ruit magnisque urbem terroribus implet, instructos acie Tiberino a flumine Teucros Tyrrhenamque manum totis descendere campis.

While they were discussing these uncertain matters among themselves in rivalry; Aeneas was moving his camp and battle line: a messenger with immense uproar through the royal halls behold, rushes in and fills the city with great terror, reporting that the Teucrians, drawn up in battle array from the river Tiber, and the Tyrrhenian band are sweeping down over the whole plain.

Extemplo turbati animi concussaque vulgi pectora et adrectae stimulis haud mollibus irae.

At once the minds of the people were thrown into confusion and the hearts of the mob shaken, and their anger roused by no gentle goads.

Arma manu trepidi poscunt, fremit arma iuventus, flent maesti mussantque patres.

Trembling, they demand weapons in hand, the young men roar for weapons, the fathers weep sadly and mutter.

Hic undique clamor dissensu vario magnus se tollit in auras haud secus atque alto in luco cum forte catervae consedere avium piscosove amne Padusae dant sonitum rauci per stagna loquacia cycni.

Here from all sides a great clamor rises into the air with varied dissent: not otherwise than when by chance in a deep grove flocks of birds have settled, or on the fish-filled river of the Padusa the hoarse swans give a sound across the echoing pools.

'Immo,' ait, 'O cives' adrepto tempore, 'Turnus,' 'cogite concilium et pacem laudate sedentes: illi armis in regna ruunt.'

'Nay,' says Turnus, seizing the moment, 'O citizens,' 'call a council and sit praising peace: while they rush into the kingdom with arms.'

Nec plura locutus corripuit sese et tectis citus extulit altis.

And saying no more, He tore himself away and swiftly withdrew from the high halls.

'Tu, Voluse, armari Volscorum edice maniplos, duc,' ait, 'et Rutulos.

'You, Volusus, order the maniples of the Volscians to be armed, "Lead on," he says, "and [lead] the Rutulians.

Equitem Messapus in armis et cum fratre Coras latis diffundite campis.

Messapus, with your armed horsemen, and Coras with your brother, spread out over the wide plains.

Pars aditus urbis firmet turrisque capessat, cetera, qua iusso, mecum manus inferat arma.'

Let part secure the approaches to the city and occupy the towers; let the rest of the band carry its arms with me where I command."

Ilicet in muros tota discurritur urbe.

Straightway there is a rush from the whole city to the walls.

Consilium ipse pater et magna incepta Latinus deserit ac tristi turbatus tempore differt multaque se incusat, qui non adceperit ultro Dardanium Aenean generumque adsciverit urbi.

Father Latinus himself abandons his council and his great designs, and, dismayed by the grim occasion, puts them off, blaming himself much that he did not of his own accord welcome Dardanian Aeneas and receive him into the city as his son-in-law.

Praefodiunt alii portas aut saxa sudesque subvectant.

Others dig trenches before the gates, or bring up stones and stakes.

Bello dat signum rauca cruentum bucina.

The hoarse trumpet gives the bloody signal for war.

Tum muros varia cinxere corona matronae puerique: vocat labor ultimus omnis.

Then a motley ring of matrons and boys girt the walls: the final struggle calls them all.

Nec non ad templum summasque ad Palladis arces subvehitur magna matrum regina caterva dona ferens, iuxtaque comes Lavinia virgo, causa mali tanti, oculos deiecta decoros.

Moreover, to the temple and the high citadel of Pallas the queen rides, escorted by a great throng of matrons, bearing gifts, and beside her as companion the maiden Lavinia, the cause of so great an evil, her beautiful eyes cast down.

Succedunt matres et templum ture vaporant et maestas alto fundunt de limine voces: 'Armipotens, praeses belli, Tritonia virgo, frange manu telum Phrygii praedonis et ipsum pronum sterne solo portisque effunde sub altis.'

The mothers follow and perfume the temple with incense, and from the high threshold pour forth their mournful cries: 'Mighty in arms, ruler of war, Tritonian maiden, shatter with your hand the spear of the Phrygian robber, and cast him headlong to the ground, and stretch him dead beneath our high gates.'

Cingitur ipse furens certatim in proelia Turnus.

Turnus himself, maddened, eagerly girds on his armor for battle.

Iamque adeo rutilum thoraca indutus aenis horrebat squamis surasque incluserat auro, tempora nudus adhuc, laterique adcinxerat ensem fulgebatque alta decurrens aureus arce, exsultatque animis et spe iam praecipit hostem: qualis ubi abruptis fugit praesaepia vinclis tandem liber equus campoque potitus aperto aut ille in pastus armentaque tendit equarum aut adsuetus aquae perfundi flumine noto emicat adrectisque fremit cervicibus alte luxurians, luduntque iubae per colla, per armos.

And now, already clad in a breastplate flashing with bronze he bristled with scales, and had enclosed his calves in gold, his temples bare as yet, and he had girt his sword to his side and shone in gold as he ran down from the high citadel, and exults in spirit, and in hope already anticipates the enemy: just as when a horse, having broken his tethers, escapes the stalls, at last free, and having gained the open plain, he either heads for the pastures and herds of mares, or, accustomed to be bathed in a familiar river, bounds forward, and neighs with neck held high wanton, and his mane plays over his neck, over his shoulders.

Obvia cui Volscorum acie comitante Camilla occurrit portisque ab equo regina sub ipsis desiluit, quam tota cohors imitata relictis ad terram defluxit equis; tum talia fatur: 'Turne, sui merito siqua est fiducia forti, audeo et Aeneadum promitto occurrere turmae solaque Tyrrhenos equites ire obvia contra.

Meeting him, with the line of Volscians accompanying her, Camilla encountered him, and right under the gates the queen from her horse leaped down, and the whole cohort, imitating her, leaving their horses, dismounted to the earth; then she speaks such words: "Turnus, if a brave person has any rightful confidence in themselves, I dare and promise to meet the squadron of Aeneas's followers and alone to go to encounter the Etruscan cavalry.

Me sine prima manu temptare pericula belli tu pedes ad muros subsiste et moenia serva.'

Allow me to try the first dangers of the war with my hand; do you, on foot, halt at the walls and guard the fortifications."

Turnus ad haec, oculos horrenda in virgine fixus: 'O decus Italiae virgo, quas dicere grates quasve referre parem?

Turnus replied to this, keeping his eyes fixed upon the awe-inspiring maiden: "O maiden, glory of Italy, what thanks can I prepare to speak or what return can I make?

Sed nunc, est omnia quando iste animus supra, mecum partire laborem.

But now, since that spirit of yours is above all else, share the labor with me.

Aeneas, ut fama fidem missique reportant exploratores, equitum levia improbus arma praemisit, quaterent campos; ipse ardua montis per deserta iugo superans adventat ad urbem.

Aeneas, as rumor and scouts sent out report with certainty, has relentlessly sent ahead the light arms of the cavalry, to scour the plains; he himself along the steep heights of the mountain crossing over the ridge through the wilderness, he approaches the city.

Furta paro belli convexo in tramite silvae?

Am I preparing an ambush of war in a winding path of the forest?

ut bivias armato obsidam milite fauces.

so that I may blockade the two-way pass with armed soldiers.

Tu Tyrrhenum equitem conlatis excipe signis; tecum acer Messapus erit turmaeque Latinae Tiburtique manus, ducis et tu concipe curam.'

Do you intercept the Etruscan cavalry when the standards are joined; with you will be fierce Messapus and the Latin squadrons and the band of Tiburtus, and do you take up the duty of a leader."

Sic ait, et paribus Messapum in proelia dictis hortatur sociosque duces et pergit in hostem.

Thus he spoke, and with similar words he encourages Messapus and the allied leaders for battle, and advances against the enemy.

Est curvo anfractu valles, adcommoda fraudi armorumque dolis, quam densis frondibus atrum urget utrimque latus, tenuis quo semita ducit angustaeque ferunt fauces aditusque maligni.

There is a valley with a curved bend, well-suited for ambush and the tricks of war, which a side dark with dense foliage hems in on both sides, where a narrow path leads and a confined pass and treacherous approaches bring you.

Hanc super in speculis summoque in vertice montis planities ignota iacet tutique receptus, seu dextra laevaque velis occurrere pugnae, sive instare iugis et grandia volvere saxa.

Above this, on the lookout posts and at the very summit of the mountain, lies a hidden plateau and a safe retreat, whether you wish to rush into battle from the right or the left, or to stand on the ridges and roll down massive stones.

Huc iuvenis nota fertur regione viarum arripuitque locum et silvis insedit iniquis.

Hither the young man hastens by a familiar route of the paths and seized the position and took his post in the treacherous woods.

Velocem interea superis in sedibus Opim, unam ex virginibus sociis sacraque caterva, compellabat et has tristis Latonia voces ore dabat: 'Graditur bellum ad crudele Camilla, O virgo, et nostris nequiquam cingitur armis, cara mihi ante alias.'

Meanwhile, in the heavenly dwellings, Latona addressed swift Opis, one of her maiden companions and sacred band, and with her mouth uttered these sorrowful words: "Camilla is going forth to cruel war, O maiden, and is girded with our weapons in vain, dear to me above all others."

Neque enim novus iste Dianae venit amor subitaque animum dulcedine movit.

For that love of Diana's is not new love came and moved his mind with sudden sweetness.

Pulsus ob invidiam regno viresque superbas Priverno antiqua Metabus cum excederet urbe, infantem fugiens media inter proelia belli sustulit exsilio comitem matrisque vocavit nomine Casmillae mutata parte Camillam.

Driven from his kingdom because of hatred and proud abuse of power, when Metabus was departing from the ancient city of Privernum, fleeing amid the very battles of war, the infant he carried away as a companion for his exile, and called her, by the name of her mother Casmilla, changing a part to Camilla.

Ipse sinu prae se portans iuga longa petebat solorum nemorum: tela undique saeva premebant et circumfuso volitabant milite Volsci.

He himself, carrying her before him on his breast, sought the long mountain ridges of lonely groves; on all sides fierce weapons were pressing upon him, and the Volscians were hovering around with scattered soldiers.

Ecce fugae medio summis Amasenus abundans spumabat ripis: tantus se nubibus imber ruperat.

Lo, in the midst of their flight, the Amasenus, overflowing the top of its banks, was foaming; so great a downpour from the clouds had broken forth.

Ille, innare parans, infantis amore tardatur caroque oneri timet.

He, preparing to swim across, is delayed by his love for the child, and fears for his dear burden.

Omnia secum versanti subito vix haec sententia sedit.

As he turned over all possibilities in his mind, suddenly this resolve reluctantly took hold.

Telum immane manu valida quod forte gerebat bellator, solidum nodis et robore cocto, huic natam, libro et silvestri subere clausam, implicat atque habilem mediae circumligat hastae; quam dextra ingenti librans ita ad aethera fatur: 'Alma, tibi hanc, nemorum cultrix, Latonia virgo, ipse pater famulam voveo; tua prima per auras tela tenens supplex hostem fugit.

A massive weapon which by chance the warrior was carrying in his strong hand, solid with knots and seasoned oak, to this he binds his daughter, enclosed in the bark of a wild cork tree, and wraps her manageably around the middle of the spear; poising it with his mighty right hand, he thus speaks to the heavens: "Kindly maiden daughter of Latona, protector of the groves, to you I myself, her father, dedicate this servant; holding your weapons first, as a suppliant she flees the enemy through the breezes.

Accipe, testor, diva tuam, quae nunc dubiis committitur auris.

Accept her, I implore, goddess, as your own, who is now committed to the uncertain winds."

Dixit et adducto contortum hastile lacerto immittit: sonuere undae, rapidum super amnem infelix fugit in iaculo stridente Camilla.

He spoke, and drawing back his arm, he hurled the spinning spear and launched it: the waves roared, and over the rushing river the ill-fated Camilla fled upon the whirring javelin.

At Metabus, magna propius iam urgente caterva, dat sese fluvio atque hastam cum virgine victor gramineo donum Triviae de caespite vellit.

But Metabus, with a great crowd now pressing closer upon him, threw himself into the river, and as victor he tore from the grassy turf the spear along with the maiden, his offering to Diana.

Non illum tectis ullae, non moenibus urbes accepere neque ipse manus feritate dedisset: pastorum et solis exegit montibus aevom.

No cities received him within their homes or walls, nor would he himself have surrendered due to his wild nature; he lived the life of shepherds on the lonely mountains.

Hic natam in dumis interque horrentia lustra armentalis equae mammis et lacte ferino nutribat, teneris immulgens ubera labris.

Here, amid the thickets and wild beasts' lairs, he nourished his daughter on the breasts of a herd-mare and the milk of wild animals, pressing the udders to her tender lips.

Utque pedum primis infans vestigia plantis institerat, iaculo palmas armavit acuto spiculaque ex umero parvae suspendit et arcum.

And as soon as the infant had made her first footprints with the soles of her feet, he armed her hands with a sharp javelin and slung arrows and a bow from the little girl's shoulder.

Pro crinali auro, pro longae tegmine pallae tigridis exuviae per dorsum a vertice pendent.

Instead of gold ornaments for her hair, instead of a long trailing robe, a tiger's skin hung from her head down her back.

Tela manu iam tum tenera puerilia torsit et fundam tereti circum caput egit habena Strymoniamque gruem aut album deiecit olorem.

Even then she hurled childish weapons with her tender hand, and whirled a sling by its smooth strap around her head, bringing down a Strymonian crane or a white swan.

Multae illam frustra Tyrrhena per oppida matres optavere nurum: sola contenta Diana aeternum telorum et virginitatis amorem intemerata colit.

Many mothers throughout the Etruscan towns wished for her as a daughter-in-law in vain: content with Diana alone, undefiled, she cherished an everlasting love for weapons and virginity.

'Vellem haud correpta fuisset militia tali, conata lacessere Teucros: cara mihi comitumque foret nunc una mearum.

"I wish she had not been swept away by such military service, trying to challenge the Trojans; she would now be dear to me and one of my companions."

Verum age, quandoquidem fatis urgetur acerbis, abere, nympha, polo finisque invise Latinos, tristis ubi infausto committitur omine pugna.

But come, since she is beset by bitter fates, glide down, nymph, from the sky and visit the Latin borders, where a grim battle is being joined with an ill-starred omen.

Haec cape et ultricem pharetra deprome sagittam: hac quicumque sacrum violarit volnere corpus, Tros Italusque, mihi pariter det sanguine poenas.

Take these, and draw an avenging arrow from the quiver: with this, whoever violates her sacred body with a wound, whether Trojan or Italian, let him pay the penalty to me equally with his blood.

Post ego nube cava miserandae corpus et arma inspoliata feram tumulo patriaeque reponam.'

Afterwards, in a hollow cloud, I will bear the body and unspoiled arms of the pitiable girl to a tomb, and restore them to her native land.'

Dixit; at illa levis caeli delapsa per auras insonuit, nigro circumdata turbine corpus.

She spoke; but the other, gliding down through the light airs of heaven, whirred, her body enveloped in a black whirlwind.

At manus interea muris Troiana propinquat Etruscique duces equitumque exercitus omnis, compositi numero in turmas.

But meanwhile, the Trojan band draws near the walls, with the Etruscan leaders and the whole army of horsemen, arranged by number into squadrons.

Fremit aequore toto insultans sonipes et pressis pugnat habenis huc conversus et huc; tum late ferreus hastis horret ager campique armis sublimibus ardent.

Across the whole plain neighs the prancing steed and fights against the tightened reins, turning this way and that; then, far and wide, an iron field of spears bristles, and the plains gleam with uplifted weapons.

Nec non Messapus contra celeresque Latini et cum fratre Coras et virginis ala Camillae adversi campo apparent hastasque reductis protendunt longe dextris et spicula vibrant, adventusque virum fremitusque ardescit equorum.

Likewise Messapus, on the other side, and the swift Latins, and Coras with his brother, and the wing of the maiden Camilla, appear facing them on the plain, and drawing back their right hands, they thrust their spears far forward and brandish their javelins, and the advance of the men and the neighing of the horses burn fierce.

Iamque intra iactum teli progressus uterque substiterat: subito erumpunt clamore furentisque exhortantur equos; fundunt simul undique tela crebra nivis ritu caelumque obtexitur umbra.

And now each army, having advanced within a spear's throw, had halted: suddenly they burst forth with a shout and urge on their furious horses; at the same time from all sides they pour forth weapons, thick as a shower of snow, and the sky is veiled in shadow.

Continuo adversis Tyrrhenus et acer Aconteus conixi incurrunt hastis primique ruina dant sonitum ingenti perfractaque quadrupedantum pectora pectoribus rumpunt: excussus Aconteus fulminis in morem aut tormento ponderis acti praecipitat longe et vitam dispergit in auras.

Straightway Tyrrhenus and fierce Aconteus, charging face to face, clash with spears and are the first to crash with a mighty shock, making a massive din, and, shattering breast against breast, they burst the chests of their steeds: Aconteus, flung off like a flash of lightning or a stone hurled from an engine, is thrown far through the air and scatters his life into the breezes.

Extemplo turbatae acies, versique Latini reiciunt parmas et equos ad moenia vertunt.

Immediately the lines are thrown into confusion, and the Latins, turning back, sling their shields behind them and turn their horses toward the walls.

Troes agunt, princeps turmas inducit Asilas.

The Trojans pursue them; Asilas takes the lead, heading the squadrons.

Iamque propinquabant portis, rursusque Latini clamorem tollunt et mollia colla reflectunt: hi fugiunt penitusque datis referuntur habenis.

And now they were drawing near the gates, when again the Latins raise a shout and turn around their horses' supple necks; the others now flee and are carried far back with loose reins.

Qualis ubi alterno procurrens gurgite pontus nunc ruit ad terram scopulusque superiacit unda spumeus extremamque sinu perfundit arenam, nunc rapidus retro atque aestu revoluta resorbens saxa fugit litusque vado labente relinquit: bis Tusci Rutulos egere ad moenia versos, bis reiecti armis respectant terga tegentes.

Just as when the sea, rushing forward in alternating surges, now dashes toward the land, casts its wave over the rocks, foaming, and drenches the furthest sand with its curve, now swift it retreats backward, and sucking up the rolling stones with its tide, it flies, leaving the shore as the shallow water slips away; twice the Etruscans drove the turned Rutulians to the walls, twice, driven back, they look behind them, covering their backs with their shields.

Tertia sed postquam congressi in proelia totas implicuere inter se acies legitque virum vir: tum vero et gemitus morientum et sanguine in alto armaque corporaque et permixti caede virorum semianimes volvuntur equi, pugna aspera surgit.

But after they clashed in a third battle, they entangled their entire lines with one another, and man picked his man; then indeed arose both the groans of the dying, and in deep blood arms and bodies, and mingled with the slaughter of men half-dead horses roll; a fierce conflict surges.

Orsilochus Remuli, quando ipsum horrebat adire, hastam intorsit equo ferrumque sub aure reliquit.

Orsilochus, since he dreaded to approach Remulus himself, hurled his spear at the horse and left the iron head beneath its ear.

Quo sonipes ictu furit arduus altaque iactat vulneris impatiens arrecto pectore crura: volvitur ille excussus humi.

At this blow the steed rears up, maddened, and, unable to bear the wound, tosses its legs high with its chest upright; he, thrown off, rolls upon the ground.

Catillus Iollan ingentemque animis, ingentem corpore et armis deicit Herminium, nudo cui vertice fulva caesaries nudique umeri, nec vulnera terrent: tantus in arma patet.

Catillus [kills] Iollas and Herminius, huge in spirit, huge in body and arms, he casts down, whose tawny hair streamed on his bare head and his shoulders were bare; nor did wounds terrify him: so vast a frame he offers to weapons.

Latos huic hasta per armos acta tremit duplicatque virum transfixa dolore.

The spear, driven through his broad shoulders, quivers, and transfixing the man, doubles him over in agony.

Funditur ater ubique cruor; dant funera ferro certantes pulchramque petunt per vulnera mortem.

Dark blood is poured out everywhere; they deal death with the sword as they contend, and they seek a glorious death through wounds.

At medias inter caedes exsultat Amazon, unum exserta latus pugnae, pharetrata Camilla, et nunc lenta manu spargens hastilia denset, nunc validam dextra rapit indefessa bipennem; aureus ex umero sonat arcus et arma Dianae.

But in the midst of the carnage exults the Amazon, with one breast bared for battle, the quivered Camilla, and now with her hand she showers tough javelins thick and fast, now with unwearied right hand she seizes a powerful double-axe; the golden bow and the weapons of Diana clash from her shoulder.

Illa etiam in tergum, siquando pulsa recessit, spicula converso fugientia dirigit arcu.

Even if ever she was driven back and retreated, she aims fleeing arrows from her turned bow.

At circum lectae comites, Larinaque virgo Tullaque et aeratam quatiens Tarpeia securem, Italides, quas ipsa decus sibi dia Camilla delegit pacisque bonas bellique ministras: quales Threiciae cum flumina Thermodontis pulsant et pictis bellantur Amazones armis seu circum Hippolyten, seu cum se Martia curru Penthesilea refert, magnoque ululante tumultu feminea exsultant lunatis agmina peltis.

And around her are chosen companions, the maiden Larina, and Tulla, and Tarpeia brandishing her bronze-headed axe, daughters of Italy, whom divine Camilla herself chose as an honor to herself, good attendants both in peace and in war: just like Thracian Amazons when they trample the waters of Thermodon and fight with painted weapons either around Hippolyte, or when martial Penthesilea returns in her chariot, and with a great howling uproar the female hosts exult with crescent shields.

Quem telo primum, quem postremum, aspera virgo, deicis?

Whom first with your dart, whom last, fierce maiden, do you cast down?

Aut quot humi morientia corpora fundis?

Or how many dying bodies do you stretch upon the ground?

Eunaeum Clitio primum patre, cuius apertum adversi longa transverberat abiete pectus: sanguinis ille vomens rivos cadit atque cruentam mandit humum moriensque suo se in volnere versat.

First Eunaeus, whose father was Clytius, whose open breast, as he faced her, she transfixed with the long fir spear; vomiting streams of blood he falls, and the bloody earth he bites, and dying, turns himself upon his wound.

Tum Lirim Pagasumque super; quorum alter habenas suffosso revolutus equo dum colligit, alter dum subit ac dextram labenti tendit inermem, praecipites pariterque ruunt.

Then Liris and Pagasus on top of him; of whom the one, while gathering the reins as he tumbled from his stabbed horse, and the other, while he comes up and stretches out an unarmed right hand to his falling comrade, fall headlong and together.

His addit Amastrum Hippotaden, sequiturque incumbens eminus hasta Tereaque Harpalycumque et Demophoonta Chrominque; quotque emissa manu contorsit spicula virgo, tot Phrygii cecidere viri.

To these she adds Amastrus, son of Hippotas, and she pursues, pressing upon them from afar with her spear, both Tereus and Harpalycus and Demophoon and Chromis; and as many darts as the maiden hurled, launched from her hand, so many Phrygian men fell.

Procul Ornytus armis ignotis et equo venator Iapyge fertur, cui pellis latos umeros erepta iuvenco pugnatori operit, caput ingens oris hiatus et malae texere lupi cum dentibus albis, agrestisque manus armat sparus; ipse catervis vertitur in mediis et toto vertice supra est.

Afar, Ornytus in strange armor and on an Apulian horse rides as a hunter, whose broad shoulders a hide stripped from a steer covers in battle, while the huge gaping mouth and jaws of a wolf with white teeth covered his head, and a rustic pike arms his hands; he himself in the midst of the squadrons moves about, and by a whole head he is above them.

Hunc illa exceptum, neque enim labor agmine verso, traicit et super haec inimico pectore fatur: 'Silvis te, Tyrrhene, feras agitare putasti?

Him she caught, transfixing him—nor was it an effort, since his column was turned— and over him she speaks these words from a hostile heart: "Did you think, Etruscan, that you were hunting wild beasts in the woods?

Advenit qui vestra dies muliebribus armis verba redarguerit.

The day has come which, by a woman's weapons, shall refute your boasts.

Nomen tamen haud leve patrum manibus hoc referes, telo cecidisse Camillae.'

Yet no light name to the shades of your fathers "This you will report to the shades of your ancestors: that you fell by the weapon of Camilla."

Protinus Orsilochum et Buten, duo maxima Teucrum corpora, sed Buten aversum cuspide fixit loricam galeamque inter, qua colla sedentis lucent et laevo dependet parma lacerto, Orsilochum fugiens magnumque agitata per orbem eludit gyro interior sequiturque sequentem, tum validam perque arma viro perque ossa securim altior exsurgens oranti et multa precanti congeminat: vulnus calido rigat ora cerebro.

Straightway she slew Orsilochus and Butes, two of the largest bodies of the Trojans; but Butes she pierced with her spear from behind between the corselet and the helmet, where the neck of the rider shines clear and the shield hangs from his left arm; fleeing Orsilochus and chased through a wide circle, she baffles him, turning inside his ring, and pursues her pursuer; then rising higher, she drives her strong axe again and again through the armor and through the bones of the man, even as he begs and prays for mercy; the wound drenches his face with hot brains.

Incidit huic subitoque aspectu territus haesit Appenninicolae bellator filius Auni, haud Ligurum extremus, dum fallere fata sinebant.

Next the warrior son of Aunus, dweller on the Apennines, crossed her path, and, terrified by the sudden sight, froze, not the least of the Ligurians, so long as the fates allowed him to deceive.

Isque ubi se nullo iam cursu evadere pugnae posse neque instantem reginam avertere cernit, consilio versare dolos ingressus et astu incipit haec: 'Quid tam egregium, si femina forti fidis equo?

And when he sees that by no fleetness of foot can he now escape the battle nor turn aside the queen who presses upon him, attempting to weave a web of guile and cunning, he begins thus: "What is so glorious, if a woman trusts in a brave steed?

Dimitte fugam et te comminus aequo mecum crede solo pugnaeque adcinge pedestri: iam nosces, ventosa ferat cui gloria fraudem.'

Dismiss your means of flight, and trust yourself with me hand-to-hand on equal ground, and gird yourself for a battle on foot; soon you will know to whom windy vainglory brings disaster."

Dixit, at illa furens acrique adcensa dolore tradit equum comiti paribusque resistit in armis, ense pedes nudo puraque interrita parma.

He spoke, but she, furious and blazing with bitter resentment, hands her horse to a comrade and stands to face him in equal armor, on foot with naked sword and unadorned shield, unafraid.

At iuvenis, vicisse dolo ratus, avolat ipse, haud mora, conversisque fugax aufertur habenis quadrupedemque citum ferrata calce fatigat.

But the youth, thinking he had won by guile, flies away himself, without delay, and is carried off in flight with turned reins and with iron-shod heel he spurs on his swift steed.

'Vane Ligus frustraque animis elate superbis, nequiquam patrias temptasti lubricus artis, nec fraus te incolumem fallaci perferet Auno,' haec fatur virgo et pernicibus ignea plantis transit equum cursu frenisque adversa prehensis congreditur poenasque inimico ex sanguine sumit: quam facile accipiter saxo sacer ales ab alto consequitur pennis sublimem in nube columbam comprensamque tenet pedibusque eviscerat uncis; tum cruor et vulsae labuntur ab aethere plumae.

'Foolish Ligurian, puffed up in vain with proud spirits, treacherous one, you have tried your native tricks in vain, nor will your deceit bring you home safe to trickster Aunus,' so speaks the maiden, and like fire on swift feet she outruns his horse and, seizing the reins face-to-face, confronts him and takes vengeance from his hated blood: as easily as a hawk, the sacred bird, swooping from a high rock overtakes on wings a dove high up in a cloud and holds her fast in his grasp, tearing out her entrails with hooked claws; then blood and plucked feathers fall down from the sky.

At non haec nullis hominum sator atque deorum observans oculis summo sedet altus Olympo: Tyrrhenum genitor Tarchonem in proelia saeva suscitat et stimulis haud mollibus incitat iras.

But the father of men and of gods observed these things not with unseeing eyes, as he sits enthroned high on Olympus' summit: the father rouses Tyrrhenian Tarchon into fierce battle and kindles his wrath with no gentle spurs.

Ergo inter caedes cedentiaque agmina Tarchon fertur equo variisque instigat vocibus alas, nomine quemque vocans, reficitque in proelia pulsos.

Therefore, amid the slaughter and retreating ranks, Tarchon rides on his horse and urges his squadrons with varied cries, calling each man by name, and rallies the defeated back into battle.

'Quis metus, O numquam dolituri, O semper inertes Tyrrheni, quae tanta animis ignavia venit?

'What fear, O you who are never to feel shame, O ever sluggish Tuscans, what great cowardice has come upon your souls?

Femina palantis agit atque haec agmina vertit!

A woman drives you straggling and turns these ranks of yours to flight!

Quo ferrum quidve haec gerimus tela inrita dextris?

To what end do we bear the sword, or why do we carry these useless weapons in our right hands?

At non in Venerem segnes nocturnaque bella aut ubi curva choros indixit tibia Bacchi, exspectate dapes et plenae pocula mensae, hic amor, hoc studium, dum sacra secundus haruspex nuntiet ac lucos vocet hostia pinguis in altos!'

Yet you are not sluggish for Venus and nocturnal wars, or when the curved pipe calls to the dances of Bacchus, waiting eagerly for the feasts and the cups of the loaded table, this is your passion, this your desire, until the favorable soothsayer announces the sacred rites and the fat victim calls you into the deep groves!'

Haec effatus equum in medios, moriturus et ipse, concitat et Venulo adversum se turbidus infert dereptumque ab equo dextra complectitur hostem et gremium ante suum multa vi concitus aufert.

Having spoken these words, he spurred his horse into the midst of them, ready to die himself also, and violently bore down right against Venulus and, seizing his enemy with his right hand, tore him from his horse and held him in his embrace, and carrying him off with immense force, urged his horse on with his prey before his breast.

Tollitur in caelum clamor, cunctique Latini convertere oculos.

A shout arose to heaven, and all the Latins turned their eyes upon them.

Volat igneus aequore Tarchon arma virumque ferens; tum summa ipsius ab hasta defringit ferrum et partis rimatur apertas, qua vulnus letale ferat; contra ille repugnans sustinet a iugulo dextram et vim viribus exit.

Fiery Tarchon flew across the plain, carrying the man and his armor; then from the top of the foe's own spear he broke off the iron point, and searched for an open part where he might deal a lethal wound; against him, the other, fighting back, kept Tarchon's right hand away from his throat and warded off force with force.

Utque volans alte raptum cum fulva draconem fert aquila implicuitque pedes atque unguibus haesit, saucius at serpens sinuosa volumina versat adrectisque horret squamis et sibilat ore, arduus insurgens; illa haud minus urget obunco luctantem rostro, simul aethera verberat alis: haud aliter praedam Tiburtum ex agmine Tarchon portat ovans.

And just as when a golden eagle, flying on high, has caught and carries off a serpent, entangling its feet and gripping it tight with its talons, but the wounded snake winds its twisting coils and bristles with its scales erect, and hisses with its mouth, rising up tall; yet the bird no less assails the struggling foe with its hooked beak, while at the same time beating the air with its wings: just so did Tarchon carry his prey from the ranks of the Tiburtians, triumphant.

Ducis exemplum eventumque secuti Maeonidae incurrunt.

Following their leader's example and success, the Etruscans charged.

Tum fatis debitus Arruns velocem iaculo et multa prior arte Camillam circuit et quae sit fortuna facillima, temptat.

Then Arruns, doomed by the fates, began to circle swift Camilla with his javelin, superior to her in his cunning, and tried to find what might be his easiest chance.

Qua se cumque furens medio tulit agmine virgo, hac Arruns subit et tacitus vestigia lustrat; qua victrix redit illa pedemque ex hoste reportat, hac iuvenis furtim celeris detorquet habenas.

Wherever the raging maiden charged into the midst of the ranks, there Arruns followed and silently tracked her footsteps; where she returns victorious and withdraws her foot from the enemy, here the youth stealthily turns aside his swift reins.

Hos aditus iamque hos aditus omnemque pererrat undique circuitum et certam quatit improbus hastam.

These approaches and now those approaches and the whole circuit he wanders through on all sides, and relentlessly brandishes his unerring spear.

Forte sacer Cybelo Chloreus olimque sacerdos insignis longe Phrygiis fulgebat in armis spumantemque agitabat equum, quem pellis aenis in plumam squamis auro conserta tegebat.

By chance, Chloreus, sacred to Mount Cybelus and once a priest, was gleaming from afar, conspicuous in Phrygian armor, and was urging on a foaming horse, which a hide covered with bronze scales, fastened with gold like feathers.

Ipse, peregrina ferrugine clarus et ostro, spicula torquebat Lycio Gortynia cornu; aureus ex umeris erat arcus et aurea vati cassida; tum croceam chlamydemque sinusque crepantis carbaseos fulvo in nodum collegerat auro pictus acu tunicas et barbara tegmina crurum.

He himself, bright with foreign dusky dye and purple, was shooting Gortynian arrows from a Lycian bow; a golden bow hung from his shoulders and golden was the prophet's helmet; then a saffron cloak and its rustling folds of fine linen he had gathered into a knot with yellow gold, his tunics embroidered with a needle and his legs in foreign coverings.

Hunc virgo, sive ut templis praefigeret arma Troia, captivo sive ut se ferret in auro venatrix, unum ex omni certamine pugnae caeca sequebatur totumque incauta per agmen femineo praedae et spoliorum ardebat amore, telum ex insidiis cum tandem tempore capto concitat et superos Arruns sic voce precatur: 'Summe deum, sancti custos Soractis Apollo, quem primi colimus, cui pineus ardor acervo pascitur et medium freti pietate per ignem cultores multa premimus vestigia pruna, da, pater, hoc nostris aboleri dedecus armis, omnipotens.

Him the maiden, whether that she might hang Trojan arms on the temples or that she might display herself in captive gold as a huntress, blindly chased him alone from all the conflict of the battle, and recklessly through the whole army she was burning with a woman's passion for booty and spoils, when at last Arruns, seizing his opportunity, from ambush rouses his spear and thus prays to the gods above with his voice: "Highest of gods, Apollo, guardian of holy Soracte, whom we are the first to worship, for whom the burning pine-wood fed in a heap grows, and relying on our piety, through the midst of the fire we, your worshippers, plant our footsteps on many a glowing ember, grant, father, that this disgrace be wiped out by our weapons," all-powerful.

Non exuvias pulsaeve tropaeum virginis aut spolia ulla peto (mihi cetera laudem facta ferent): haec dira meo dum vulnere pestis pulsa cadat, patrias remeabo inglorius urbes.

No spoils or trophy from a defeated maiden do I seek (my other deeds will bring me fame): as long as this dread plague falls defeated by my wound, I will return inglorious to the cities of my fathers.

Audiit et voti Phoebus succedere partem mente dedit, partem volucris dispersit in auras: sterneret ut subita turbatam morte Camillam, adnuit oranti; reducem ut patria alta videret, non dedit, inque Notos vocem vertere procellae.

Phoebus heard, and granted that a part of his prayer should succeed in his mind, but a part he scattered into the swift breezes: that he might lay low Camilla, bewildered by sudden death, he granted to the suppliant; but that his noble homeland should see him return, he did not grant, and the storms turned his voice into the South Winds.

Ergo ut missa manu sonitum dedit hasta per auras, convertere animos acris oculosque tulere cuncti ad reginam Volsci.

Therefore, as the spear hurled from his hand made a sound through the air, all the Volscians turned their sharp minds and raised their eyes towards the queen.

Nihil ipsa nec aurae nec sonitus memor aut venientis ab aethere teli, hasta sub exsertam donec perlata papillam haesit virgineumque alte bibit acta cruorem.

She herself was mindful of nothing, neither the breeze nor the sound, nor the weapon coming from the sky, until the spear, carried all the way beneath her exposed breast, struck deep and, driven home, drank deeply of her maiden blood.

Concurrunt trepidae comites dominamque ruentem suscipiunt.

Her trembling companions rush together and support their falling mistress.

Fugit ante omnis exterritus Arruns, laetitia mixtoque metu, nec iam amplius hastae credere nec telis occurrere virginis audet.

Terrified, Arruns flees ahead of everyone else, with joy mixed with fear, and no longer dares to trust his spear or face the weapons of the maiden.

Ac velut ille, prius quam tela inimica sequantur, continuo in montis sese avius abdidit altos occiso pastore lupus magnove iuvenco, conscius audacis facti, caudamque remulcens subiecit pavitantem utero silvasque petivit: haud secus ex oculis se turbidus abstulit Arruns contentusque fuga mediis se immiscuit armis.

And just as a wolf, before the hostile weapons can pursue him, straightway hides himself deep in the high mountains, after killing a shepherd or a large bullock, conscious of his daring deed, and tucking his tail he spurred [his horse], trembling, beneath its belly and fled to the woods: just so did Arruns, troubled, vanish from sight and content with flight, he mingled into the midst of the weapons.

Illa manu moriens telum trahit, ossa sed inter ferreus ad costas alto stat vulnere mucro: labitur exsanguis, labuntur frigida leto lumina, purpureus quondam color ora reliquit.

Dying, she pulls at the weapon with her hand, but between the bones the iron point stands deep in the wound against her ribs: bloodless she slips away, her eyes grow cold in death and droop, and the color, once radiant, has left her face.

Tum sic exspirans Accam ex aequalibus unam adloquitur fidam ante alias, quae sola Camillae, quicum partiri curas; atque haec ita fatur: 'Hactenus, Acca soror, potui: nunc vulnus acerbum conficit, et tenebris nigrescunt omnia circum.

Then, breathing her last, she thus addresses Acca, one of her companions, faithful beyond all others, who alone used to share Camilla's cares; and she speaks these words to her: 'Thus far, sister Acca, my strength availed: now a bitter wound destroys me, and everything around grows black with darkness.

Effuge et haec Turno mandata novissima perfer: succedat pugnae Troianosque arceat urbe.

Escape and carry these last commands to Turnus: let him take my place in the battle and keep the Trojans from the city.

Iamque vale.'

And now, farewell.'

Simul his dictis linquebat habenas, ad terram non sponte fluens.

As soon as she said this, she let go of the reins, slipping down to the earth against her will.

Tum frigida toto paulatim exsolvit se corpore lentaque colla et captum leto posuit caput, arma relinquunt, vitaque cum gemitu fugit indignata sub umbras.

Then, growing cold, she gradually released herself from her whole body, and her drooping neck and head, overtaken by death, she laid down, abandoning her weapons, and her life, with a groan, fled resentful down to the shades.

Tum vero immensus surgens ferit aurea clamor sidera: deiecta crudescit pugna Camilla, incurrunt densi simul omnis copia Teucrum Tyrrhenique duces Evandrique Arcades alae.

Then indeed a boundless shouting rose and struck the golden stars: now that Camilla was struck down, the battle grew more cruel, and charging in a dense mass, the whole force of the Trojans advanced together, along with the Etruscan leaders and the Arcadian squadrons of Evander.

At Triviae custos iamdudum in montibus Opis alta sedet summis spectatque interrita pugnas.

But Opis, a sentinel of Diana, had long been sitting high up on the mountain tops, and watched the battles without fear.

Utque procul medio iuvenum in clamore furentum prospexit tristi multatam morte Camillam, ingemuitque deditque has imo pectore voces: 'Heu nimium, virgo, nimium crudele luisti supplicium, Teucros conata lacessere bello!

And when from afar, amid the shouting of the raging youths, she beheld Camilla punished by a sad death, and he groaned and uttered these words from the bottom of his heart: 'Alas, maiden, too, too cruel a punishment you have paid for attempting to provoke the Trojans in war!

Nec tibi desertae in dumis coluisse Dianam profuit aut nostras umero gessisse sagittas.

Nor did it avail you, lonely in the thickets, to have worshipped Diana or to have carried our arrows upon your shoulder.

Non tamen indecorem tua te regina reliquit extrema iam in morte, neque hoc sine nomine letum per gentis erit aut famam patieris inultae.

Yet your queen has not left you unhonored now in your final death, nor will this passing be without a name among the nations, nor will you suffer the rumor of being unavenged.

Nam quicumque tuum violavit vulnere corpus, morte luet merita.'

For whoever has violated your body with a wound shall pay for it with a well-deserved death.'

Fuit ingens monte sub alto regis Dercenni terreno ex aggere bustum antiqui Laurentis opacaque ilice tectum: hic dea se primum rapido pulcherrima nisu sistit et Arruntem tumulo speculatur ab alto.

There was beneath a high mountain a huge tomb of King Dercennus, made of an earthen mound, an ancient Laurentine, and covered by a shady holm-oak: here first the most beautiful goddess, with a swift rush, stopped and watched Arruns from the high mound.

Ut vidit laetantem animis ac vana tumentem, 'Cur,' inquit, 'diversus abis?

When she saw him rejoicing in spirit and swelling with vain pride, 'Why,' she said, 'do you go off in a different direction?

Huc dirige gressum, huc periture veni, capias ut digna Camillae praemia.

Direct your step hither, come hither to your doom, so that you may receive a reward worthy of Camilla. rewards.

Tune etiam telis moriere Dianae?'

Are you also to die by the weapons of Diana?'

dixit, et aurata volucrem Threissa sagittam deprompsit pharetra cornuque infensa tetendit et duxit longe, donec curvata coirent inter se capita et manibus iam tangeret aequis, laeva aciem ferri, dextra nervoque papillam.

she spoke, and the Thracian woman drew a winged arrow from her golden quiver, and hostily bent the bow, and drew it far back, until the curved ends met together and she was now touching it with level hands, with her left hand the iron point, with her right hand and the string her breast.

Extemplo teli stridorem aurasque sonantis audiit una Arruns, haesitque in corpore ferrum.

Immediately the whizzing of the weapon and the whistling air Arruns alone heard it, and the iron weapon stuck fast in his body.

Illum exspirantem socii atque extrema gementem obliti ignoto camporum in pulvere linquunt, Opis ad aetherium pennis aufertur Olympum.

As he breathed his last and groaned his end, his companions forgetful, leave him in the unknown dust of the plains, Opis is borne away on wings to ethereal Olympus.

Prima fugit domina amissa levis ala Camillae; turbati fugiunt Rutuli, fugit acer Atinas disiectique duces desolatique manipli tuta petunt et equis aversi ad moenia tendunt.

First flees the light squadron of Camilla, their mistress lost; the routed Rutulians flee, fierce Atinas flees, and the scattered leaders and abandoned companies seek safety, and turning away on their horses, head for the walls.

Nec quisquam instantis Teucros letumque ferentis sustentare valet telis aut sistere contra, sed laxos referunt umeris languentibus arcus, quadrupedumque putrem cursu quatit ungula campum.

Nor is anyone able with weapons to sustain or stand against the pursuing Trojans who bring death, but they carry back slack bows on their weary shoulders, and the hoof of the four-footed beasts shakes the crumbling plain in its course.

Volvitur ad muros caligine turbidus atra pulvis, et e speculis percussae pectora matres femineum clamorem ad caeli sidera tollunt.

A cloud of dust, thick with black darkness, rolls toward the walls, and from the watchtowers the mothers, beating their breasts, raise a womanly cry to the stars of heaven.

Qui cursu portas primi inrupere patentis, hos inimica super mixto premit agmine turba; nec miseram effugiunt mortem, sed limine in ipso, moenibus in patriis atque inter tuta domorum confixi exspirant animas.

Those who first broke through the open gates in their course, upon them presses a hostile crowd in a mingled mass; nor do they escape a wretched death, but on the very threshold, within their native walls and amid the safety of their homes, pierced through, they breathe out their souls.

Pars claudere portas: nec sociis aperire viam nec moenibus audent accipere orantis, oriturque miserrima caedes defendentum armis aditus inque arma ruentum.

Some close the gates; they dare neither open a way for their comrades nor receive into the walls those who entreat them, and a most pitiful slaughter arises of those defending the entrances with weapons and those rushing onto weapons.

Exclusi ante oculos lacrumantumque ora parentum pars in praecipitis fossas urgente ruina volvitur, immissis pars caeca et concita frenis arietat in portas et duros obice postis.

Shut out before the eyes and tearful faces of their parents part, as the ruin presses on, plunge headlong into the ditches it rolls, and part, blind and frantic with loosened reins, dashes against the gates and the tough posts with their barriers.

Ipsae de muris summo certamine matres, monstrat amor verus patriae, ut videre Camillam, tela manu trepidae iaciunt ac robore duro stipitibus ferrum sudibusque imitantur obustis praecipites primaeque mori pro moenibus ardent.

Even the mothers from the walls in the greatest struggle, true love of country guides them, as they saw Camilla, trembling, they hurl weapons with their hands and with hard oak, with stakes and burnt poles they mimic iron, and headlong, they are the first burning to die for the walls.

Interea Turnum in silvis saevissimus implet nuntius, et iuveni ingentem fert Acca tumultum: deletas Volscorum acies, cecidisse Camillam, ingruere infensos hostis et Marte secundo omnia corripuisse, metum iam ad moenia ferri.

Meanwhile, the most cruel message fills Turnus in the woods, and Acca brings huge turmoil to the youth: that the lines of the Volscians are destroyed, that Camilla has fallen, that the hostile enemies are rushing on and with favorable war have seized everything, and that fear is now being carried to the walls.

Ille furens, et saeva Iovis sic numina pellunt, deserit obsessos collis, nemora aspera linquit.

He, raging, and so the cruel divine wills of Jupiter compel him, deserts the besieged hills, and leaves the rugged woods.

Vix e conspectu exierat campumque tenebat, cum pater Aeneas saltus ingressus apertos exsuperatque iugum silvaque evadit opaca.

Hardly had he gone out of sight and was holding the plain, when father Aeneas, having entered the open glades, crosses the ridge and escapes from the dark forest.

Sic ambo ad muros rapidi totoque feruntur agmine nec longis inter se passibus absunt; ac simul Aeneas fumantis pulvere campos prospexit longe Laurentiaque agmina vidit, et saevum Aenean adgnovit Turnus in armis adventumque pedum flatusque audivit equorum.

Thus both are borne swiftly toward the walls with all their army, nor are they distant from one another by many paces; and at the same time Aeneas looked out at the plains smoking with dust far off, and saw the Laurentine troops, and Turnus recognized fierce Aeneas in his armor and heard the approach of feet and the snorting of horses.

Continuoque ineant pugnas et proelia temptent, ni roseus fessos iam gurgite Phoebus Hibero tinguat equos noctemque die labente reducat: considunt castris ante urbem et moenia vallant.

And immediately they would enter battles and attempt combats, did not rosy Phoebus already dip his weary horses in the Iberian flood dips his horses and brings back the night as the day slips away: they settle in camp before the city and fortify the walls.